The Digest Sys 2 Flashcards
The stomach
Is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity
It’s divided into 4 regions
- cardia
- funded
- body(largest)
- pylorus
Mods:
- mucosa and submucosa contain gastric pits and gastric rugae
- muscularis externa had a third inner oblique smooth muscle layer(mainly in the body of the stomach)
The gastric parts
The gastric pits are lined with columnar epithelium
- gastric glands are found at the bottom at each gastric pit
4 major cell types are found in these glands
- mucous neck cells
- parietal cells
- chief cells
- G cells(a type of enteroendocrine cells)
Cell types and their secretions
Muscles Neck cells: mucus
Parietal cells: hydrochloride acid(HCL) and instinsic factor(IF)
Chief cells:pepsinogen
G cells: gastrin
True or False
The only essential function of the stomach is the secretion of intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption.
True
Digestion can continue following removal of the stomach (gastrectomy), but a person must take vitamin B, by injection, or , vitamin B12 and intrinsic factor orally.
More Mechanical and chemical digestion
Mechanical:
Most of this occurs on the stomach
- back and fourth movements(retropulsion) breaks down and mixes food with gastric juices making chyme
Chemical:
Involves the breakdown of proteins
- pepsinogen released by chief cells is converted to pepsin, which digests proteins into proteins into smaller peptides
What would likely be absorbed in the stomach?
A serving of alcohol
The liver
Is the largest gland in the body
- has 4 lobes: right and left lobes, caudate(tail) and quadrate(square)
Secretion of bile is one function the liver has
The liver receives blood from 2 sources
Oxygen rich blood from the heart via the hepatic artery
Oxygen-poor/nutrient rich blood from the stomach, intestines, pancreas and spleen, via the hepatic portal vein
What is likely to be absorbed in the stomach
A serving of alcohol
