The Diaphragm Flashcards
What does the DIAPHRAGM separate?
Thorax and Abdomen
What are the PERIPHERAL ATTACHMENTS of the Diaphragm?
1) Lumbar Vertebra and Arcuate Ligaments
2) Costal Cartilage of Ribs 7-10
3) Xiphoid Process and Sternum
What is the Medial Arcuate Ligament?
The medial arcuate ligament is an arch in the fascia covering the upper part of the psoas major
What is the RIGHT CRUS of the Diaphragm?
Arises from L1-L3 and their intervertebral discs. Some fibres from the right crus surround the oesophageal opening, acting as a physiological sphincter to prevent reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus.
What is the LEFT CRUS of the Diaphragm?
Arises from L1-L2 and their intervertebral discs
What Supplies the Diaphragm?
The PHRENIC NERVE (C3, 4 and 5)
Where does the PHRENIC NERVE come from?
Ventral Horn of the Cervical Spine (C3, C4, C5)
What Happens when the Phrenic nerve is Injured?
- Paralysis of the Hemidiaphragm
- Elevation of the Hemidiaphragm
- Paradoxical Movement of the Hemidiaphragm
Diaphragm Paralysis
Why is Diaphragmatic Pain felt in the shoulder?
Phrenic Nerve also carries sensory fibres
Irritation of the CENTRAL PART of Diaphragm REFERRED to Dermatomes C3, C4, C5
What is the SENSORY innervation of the peripheral Diaphragm?
LOWER INTERCOSTAL NERVES
What are the THREE Main Openings of the Diaphragm?
T8- IVC
T10- Oesophagus
T12- Aorta
What Travels through the opening at T8?
IVC
Right Phrenic Nerve
What Travels through the opening at T10?
Oesophagus
Branches of the LEFT GASTRIC ARTERY/ VEIN
VAGUS NERVE
What Travels through the opening at T12?
Aorta
Thoracic Duct
Azygous Vein
