The Depression Flashcards
What were the heavy or staple industries in England and Wales before the war also known as “ailing Giants” ?
Coal Iron Steel Slate Shipbuilding
What was the Wall Street Crash in October 1929?
Price of shares on New York stock exchange crashed
What were the effects of the Wall Street Crash ?
Mass unemployment
The Great Depression in the USA
The Depression in Britain
When was the Depression in Britain ?
The 1930s
Which areas of England and Wales were worst hit ?
South Wales
North of England
The coalition National Government introduced the Means Test in the 1930s - what was it ?
A test to see if unemployed people deserved the dole ( unemployment benefits)
What were the UABs?
Unemployment Assistance Boards (set up to administer the Means Test)
What was the Special Areas Act 1934?
A law brought in to try and create jobs in South Wales and Tyneside
Was the Special Areas Act successful?
Only partially
What did the people do during the Depression to protest against unemployment?
Hunger marches
What was the most famous of the Hunger marches ?
The Jarrow March in 1936
What was the role of women in South Wales during the Depression?
“Making ends meet”
Which areas of England suffered less because they had lower unemployment ?
The midlands and the south east around London
What were the main “new” industries in the Midlands and the south east ?
Cars
Consumer goods such as radios and vacuum cleaners
Which areas of wales suffered less during the Depression because they had lower unemployment ?
Swansea and Cardiff
How many people left Wales in the 20s and 30s to look for work?
Nearly half a million
What mad life s little more bearable even in the areas with the highest unemployment ?
Popular entertainment and sport
What were the two most popular forms of entertainment during the 1930s?
Cinema and radio
What were the three most popular sports in Wales during the Depression?
Rugby, Football and Boxing
Why did the Wall Street crash affect Britain?
America recalled its loans and USA stopped importing British goods
Name as many strategies used by the British Government to tackle the Depression
Public spending cuts Leaving the gold standard Increase in income tax The means test Tariffs on imports ( Import Duties Act) Ottawa Agreements between Commonwealth countries Special Areas Act Amalgamations ( joining together small firms to make them more competitive )
What were the effects of unemployment on the people ?
Poverty and malnourishment
Mental health suffered , loss of self-esteem for men
High infant mortality rate
Poor health
Overcrowding in housing - disease spread easily
What were the effects on women of the Depression?
First to be laid off
Not covered for medical treatment by National Insurance
Women sacrificed their own health to give their food to the children
More women died in childbirth due to poor diet and health
Women more susceptible to disease
It was the women who had to “make ends meet”
What radio service was set up in 1926
The BBC ( British Broadcasting Corporation )
How much were cinema tickets?
2p
Who were the big American movie start of the 30s?
Geeta Garbo, Clark Gable, Errol Flynn
Describe the Jarrow March
Also known as the Jarrow Crusade From the north east 200 men marched to London Carried a petition to parliament following the closure of the shipyards in Jarrow Lasted 26 days Nothing came of it in the short term
