The Depression

Question 1

What were the heavy or staple industries in England and Wales before the war also known as “ailing Giants” ?

Answer 1

Coal
Iron
Steel
Slate
Shipbuilding

Question 2

What was the Wall Street Crash in October 1929?

Answer 2

Price of shares on New York stock exchange crashed

Question 3

What were the effects of the Wall Street Crash ?

Answer 3

Mass unemployment
The Great Depression in the USA
The Depression in Britain

Question 4

When was the Depression in Britain ?

Answer 4

The 1930s

Question 5

Which areas of England and Wales were worst hit ?

Answer 5

South Wales

North of England

Question 6

The coalition National Government introduced the Means Test in the 1930s - what was it ?

Answer 6

A test to see if unemployed people deserved the dole ( unemployment benefits)

Question 7

What were the UABs?

Answer 7

Unemployment Assistance Boards (set up to administer the Means Test)

Question 8

What was the Special Areas Act 1934?

Answer 8

A law brought in to try and create jobs in South Wales and Tyneside

Question 9

Was the Special Areas Act successful?

Answer 9

Only partially

Question 10

What did the people do during the Depression to protest against unemployment?

Answer 10

Hunger marches

Question 11

What was the most famous of the Hunger marches ?

Answer 11

The Jarrow March in 1936

Question 12

What was the role of women in South Wales during the Depression?

Answer 12

“Making ends meet”

Question 13

Which areas of England suffered less because they had lower unemployment ?

Answer 13

The midlands and the south east around London

Question 14

What were the main “new” industries in the Midlands and the south east ?

Answer 14

Cars

Consumer goods such as radios and vacuum cleaners

Question 15

Which areas of wales suffered less during the Depression because they had lower unemployment ?

Answer 15

Swansea and Cardiff

Question 16

How many people left Wales in the 20s and 30s to look for work?

Answer 16

Nearly half a million

Question 17

What mad life s little more bearable even in the areas with the highest unemployment ?

Answer 17

Popular entertainment and sport

Question 18

What were the two most popular forms of entertainment during the 1930s?

Answer 18

Cinema and radio

Question 19

What were the three most popular sports in Wales during the Depression?

Answer 19

Rugby, Football and Boxing

Question 20

Why did the Wall Street crash affect Britain?

Answer 20

America recalled its loans and USA stopped importing British goods

Question 21

Name as many strategies used by the British Government to tackle the Depression

Answer 21

Public spending cuts
Leaving the gold standard
Increase in income tax
The means test
Tariffs on imports ( Import Duties Act)
Ottawa Agreements between Commonwealth countries
Special Areas Act
Amalgamations ( joining together small firms to make them more competitive )

Question 22

What were the effects of unemployment on the people ?

Answer 22

Poverty and malnourishment
Mental health suffered , loss of self-esteem for men
High infant mortality rate
Poor health
Overcrowding in housing - disease spread easily

Question 23

What were the effects on women of the Depression?

Answer 23

First to be laid off
Not covered for medical treatment by National Insurance
Women sacrificed their own health to give their food to the children
More women died in childbirth due to poor diet and health
Women more susceptible to disease
It was the women who had to “make ends meet”

Question 24

What radio service was set up in 1926

Answer 24

The BBC ( British Broadcasting Corporation )

Question 25

How much were cinema tickets?

Answer 25

2p

Question 26

Who were the big American movie start of the 30s?

Answer 26

Geeta Garbo, Clark Gable, Errol Flynn

Question 27

Describe the Jarrow March

Answer 27

Also known as the Jarrow Crusade 
From the north east 
200 men marched to London
Carried a petition to parliament following the closure of the shipyards in Jarrow
Lasted 26 days
Nothing came of it in the short term