the core ideas of nationalism Flashcards
what common identities can nationalism be based on (human nature)
language religion culture ethnicity geography
which philosopher stressed the importance of language
human nature
Fichte
Herder
binds people organically
give an example of people bound together by religion (human nature)
jews
give an example of people bound together by culture (human nature)
british
strong set of values people feel attached to
give an example of people bound together by ethnicity
human nature
chinese
japanese
scandanavian
give an example of people bound together geographically (human nature)
russians- ‘motherland’
define cultural nationalism (human nature)
collective identity relating to organic unity of nation
two main forms-liberal+conservative
liberal cultural nationalism (human nature)
people feel their culture threatened by more dominant one
don’t always seek independence but seperate identity respected+protected
give an example of cultural liberal nationalism (human nature)
welsh in the UK
don’t seek independence
want language protected
what are other examples of cultural nationalism (human nature)
Bretons France
Lapps scanda]inavia
ultra conservative cultural nationalism (human nature)
wants stronger culture
believe their national charateristics superior to others
what can ultra conservative cultural nationalism translate into (human nature)
militarism+expansionism
e.g arab nationalism+german facism hitler
racialism (human nature)
belief that racial distinctions are most important form of national identity
what is nativism (human nature)
one race (original) should be favoured over others in nation state (extreme form of racialism)
racism (human nature)
racial group feels superior
translates into suppression or discrimination
give an example of racism (human nature)
Afrikaaner nationalism in SA apartheid regime
who was the principle advocate of the idea of self determination (the state)
Rousseau
came from enlightenment
reaction against absolute monarchy
in which nations in the 19th century were people seeking liberation- (self determination) (the state)
south american
europe
asia
when was the principle of self determination expressed (the state)
Woodrow Wilson’s speech Feb 1918
what are the principles of self determination (the state)
nation wanting to self govern should be given sovereignty
all states respect sovereignty of the nations
threats to sovereignty in these nations=threat to international community
where can the principles of self determination be seen (the state)
league of nations 1918
united nations 1945
nation state (the state)
joins idea of statehood+reality of collective identity
what are the exceptions to nation states (the state)
multinationals e.g UK
some don’t have national identity e.g USA
some nations within another nation state e.g scotts
what replaces a national identity in the USA (the state)
patriotism (pride in their state)
what is the dominant expression of national identity (the state)
nation state
what three social movements are explore in societal nationalism (society)
civic nationalism
liberal internationalism
socialist nationalism
civic nationalism (society)
claim to national identity less important than pride in political institutions
in civic nationalism, what are the political values that are more important then national identity (society)
individual rights
liberties
love of democratic spirit
importance of equal rights
what is civic nationalism also associated with (society)
patriotism
why has civic nationalism become an issue (society)
increase immigration
encouraged to learn+support civic values
become a test of citizenship
what are the two main elements of liberal internationalism (society)
1) liberal democtatic form of state is desirable+should be promoted where possible
2) international cooperation=best way to protect liberal democratic values
give an example of liberal internationalism (society)
European Union
applicant states have to demonstrate their political systems are democratic
what did liberal internationalists ultimately insist (society)
states that don’t conform to liberal principles aren’t members of international community of nations
what do socialist internationalists believe nationalism should be replaced by (society)
socialist class consciousness
what did socialists internationalists believe about the working class (society)
working class of different countries have a common cause, over rides national identity
when is nationalism tolerated by socialists (society)
if closely allied with working class aspirations
two type of nationalism related to the economy (economy)
socialist nationalism
nativism +protectionism
what is socialist nationalists seek (economy)
opposite of socialist internationalism- want to synthesise nationalism with socialism
where has socialist nationalism thrived (economy)
Africa e.g Robert Mugabe in Zimbabwe (wanted to combat capitalist imperialism)
by creating a collectivist economic system what did also help in Africa (economy)
unite people wi weak sense of national identity
who is the key example of socialist nationalism
Fidel Castro
Cuba
successful revolution 1959
what Castro see a need for (economy)
create a sense of national pride
around ‘superior values’ of nationalism
in cuba what happened to people who opposed socialism (economy)
seen as unpatriotic
became impossible to be a patriot without being a fundamental socialist
nativism (economy)
original population has superior claim to nationality
give examples of economic nativism (economy)
first claim to employment
subsidised housing
education
nationalism is a progressive force
liberal nationalism-establish democracy+liberty
LN+repubs=freedom of nation along with individuals=progressive
nationalism is a regressive force
CN=want pre revolution
CN=xenophobic+militaristic
racial nationalism
rise of nativism
what is nativism a form of (economy)
ultra conservative, regressive nationalism
