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Consumer Studies > The Consumer > Flashcards

The Consumer Flashcards

1
Q

what is a contract

A

agreement that is intended to create legal rights and duties between parties

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2
Q

list 3 ways contracts can be created

A

written
spoken
unspoken

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3
Q

what is the term used for breaking a contract

A

breach of contract

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4
Q

list 3 types of contracts

A

service
insurance
credit

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5
Q

what does CPA stand for

A

Consumer Protection Act

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6
Q

list 4 ways in which the CPA protects consumers

A
  • forbids automatic renewal of fixed term agreements
  • allows consumer to cancel long term contract within 20 BD
  • estimate / quote repair work
  • right to quality
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7
Q

what are exemption clauses

A

clears a party from liability if he/she doesn’t honour agreement

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8
Q

compare a warantee with a guarantee

A

waranty: written promise to replace or repair item if it does not satisfy terms of warranty. It is issued from company stating product is reliable and free from known defects.
guarantee: promise in writting stating that qaulity of product will meet standards and if not money will be returned.

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9
Q

describe grey goods

A

goods that have been imported into a country theough unofficial distribution channels.

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10
Q

list 6 types of scams

A 
phising 
lottery scams 
credit card fraud 
identity theft 
work from home 
419
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11
Q

what are stokvels

A

savings club in which a group of people regularly contribute to a common fund and members can draw.

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12
Q

describe pyramid schemes

A

a scheme in which participants are promised payments for enrolling others, with no exchange of goods and services, it is illegal and eventually collapses.

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13
Q

why is MLM considered legal whereas PS are illegal

A

with MLM there is the exchange of products

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14
Q

explain the path tax money travels from

A 
SARS
national treasury 
gov. departments 
provinical gov
local gov
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15
Q

list 4 types of direct income tax

A

PAYE
provisional
tax on investment
property

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16
Q

list 4 examples of indirect tax

A 
VAT 
Excise duty 
import duty 
licenses 
fuel levy
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17
Q

what causes bank interest rates to rise and fall

A

the repo rate charged by the reserve bank to commercial bank fluctuates.

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18
Q

what is inflation

A

purchasing power of money is the value of money measured by quantity and quality of products and services it can buy

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19
Q

how is the CPI measured

A

measured by defining a basket of goods commenly used by a household and then keeping track of the change

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20
Q

explain the effect of inflation

A
  • people on fixed income feel effects most as there wages often don’t keep up with inflation leading to decreased living standards.
  • reduces the PP of savings which therefor effects retired people
  • lenders who are paid a FR of interest on loans will lose PP
  • borrowing money for a long term at a FR can beneift from inflation- value of repayment is less than initial amount
21
Q

what is suistanable consumption

A

refers to the way in which humans use their resources to meet their needs

22
Q

list 4 examples of fossil fuels

A

coals
crude oil
natural gas

23
Q

list 4 advantages of using fossil fuels

A
  • reliable
  • large amount of elec can be generated
  • cost effective
  • SA has a lot of coal reserves
24
Q

list 4 disadvantes of using fossil fuels

A
  • pollution (carbon dioxide)
  • coal, gives off suplhur dioxide (Creates acid rain)
  • mining of coal results in destruction of big areas of land and habitat loss
  • mining can be difficualt and dangerous
25
Q

list 4 sources of regenerative forms of energy

A
  • solar power
  • wind power
  • hydropower
  • bio energy
26
Q

list 3 advantages of solar power

A
  • clean and does not pollute
  • don’t require elec to operate
  • no noise pollution
27
Q

list 3 disadvantages of solar power

A
  • initial investment is high
  • dependent on sunlight hours
  • only available during day
28
Q

list 3 advantages of wind power

A
  • clean
  • good method of supplying energy to remote areas
  • best renewable source of energy
29
Q

list 3 disadvantages of wind power

A
  • suitable windy areas usually near cost - expensive land to build on
  • can be noisy
  • unsightly
30
Q

list 3 advantages of hydropower

A
  • no waste or pollution
  • most reliable
  • increase to full power very quickly
31
Q

list 3 disadvantages of hydropower

A
  • negative effect on ecosystem
  • dams are expensive to build
  • impacts water quality and therefore destorys habitats
32
Q

what is bio energy

A

bionergy describe the way in which biomass is used to create fuel for energy.

33
Q

what is biomass

A

all of the plant and animal matter on earths surface.

34
Q

list 3 advantages of bio energy

A
  • does not add CO2 to atmosphere
  • cheap
  • reduces greenhouse gas emissions
35
Q

list 3 disadvantages of bio energy

A
  • leads to erosion
  • collecting enough waste can be difficult
  • certain materials aren’t always available
36
Q

name 2 reasons why the responsible use of energy is a priority

A
  • cuts expenses

- reduces GG effect and GW

37
Q

state the formal name for the type of gas that is used for cooking and heating

A

LPG - liquid petroleum gas

38
Q

how should a gas bottle be stored

A
  • well ventilated room
  • upright
  • cylinders with no rust
  • secure connections
    store outside
39
Q

list 3 advantages for using gas

A
  • better for envirornment
  • cook and heat faster
  • relatively clean enrgy source and produces less carbon emissions
40
Q

list 4 disadvantages for using gas

A
  • high price prevents acessibility
  • non-renewable
  • gas cylinders are heavy
  • cylinders explode due to pressure
41
Q

list 4 reasons for SA’s water shortage

A
  • annual rainfall insufficient
  • uneven rainfall
  • damand > supply
  • can’t afford to build dams
42
Q

list 2 causes of water pollution

A

micro -organisms

chemicals

43
Q

how can you make water safe to drink

A
  • boil
  • bleach
  • chlor-floc
44
Q

list 4 ways in which people can use water suistanably

A
  • be aware of water consuption
  • check and fix leaks
  • make garden water wise
  • reduce toilet flush volume
  • water effecient appliances
45
Q

what is a municipality

A

local authorities which provide services to citizens within a specific area.

46
Q

list 4 services provided by municipality

A

sanitation
refuse removal
water
elec

47
Q

how are municiplaities funded

A

rates/taxes
fines
registering for services
national gov

48
Q

list 6 resposibilities of the community with regards to the municipality

A
  • pay municpaility
  • engage w public input
  • appreciate and handle services with care and respect
  • obey the law
  • VOTE
  • Hold municipality accountable
49
Q

what is the importance of voting

A

finds the best representative for communit and therefore the community will recieve the best service

Consumer Studies (5 decks)

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