The consolidation of the Communist dictatorship Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Sovnarkom?

A

The cabinet, made up of key government ministers who, between them, would run the country.

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2
Q

What was the Workers’ decree?

A

Established a maximum 8 hour day.

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3
Q

What was the Social insurance decree?

A

Provided old age, health and unemployment benefits.

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4
Q

What was the Press decree?

A

Banned the opposition press

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5
Q

What was the Decree on Peace?

A

Promised an end to war ‘without annexation and indemnities’.

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6
Q

What was the Decree on Land?

A

Abolished private ownership of land and legitimised peasant seizures without compensation to landlords.

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7
Q

What was the Rights of the people of Russia decree?

A

Abolished titles and class ranks.

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8
Q

What was the Nationality Decree?

A

Promised self-determination to the peoples of the former Russian Empire; in December, Finland became an independent state, and an elected rada (parliament) was set up in the Ukraine.

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9
Q

What was the Decree on Workers’ Control of Factories?

A

Gave workers the right to ‘supervise management’.

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10
Q

What was the Judicial Decree?

A

Established a new legal system of elected people’s courts.

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11
Q

What was the Decree to outlaw sex discrimination?

A

Gave women equality with men and right to own property.

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12
Q

What was the Decree to establish the ‘All-Russian Commission for the Suppression of Counter-Revolution, Sabotage and Speculation?

A

Created a secret police force, known as the Cheka, after its initial letters, to root out opposition.

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13
Q

What was the Bank decree?

A

Nationalised banks and ended the private flow of capital.

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14
Q

What was the Military decree?

A

Removed class ranks, saluting and military decorations from the army and placed the army under the control of soldiers’ soviets, which would elect officers.

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15
Q

What were the Decrees on the Church?

A

Nationalised Church land, removed marriage and divorce from Church control and gave women the right to initiate divorce.

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16
Q

What was Lenin’s ‘state capitalism’?

A

There would be a degree of state control over economic affairs but private markets would remain as an important feature of economic life.

17
Q

What council was set up to supervise and control economic development under Lenin?

A

Veshanka

18
Q

How did the early months of Bolshevik leadership saw steps to combat opposition?

A

A propaganda campaign mounted against political and ‘class’ enemies - particulalarly the bourgeois. From November 1917, it was decreed that everyone had to be addressed as a ‘Citizen’ and party members as ‘Comrade’.
Anti-Bolshevik newspapers were closed down.
There was a purge of the civil service.
The Cheka was established as a secret police body in December 1917.
Leading Kadets, right-wing Social Revolutionaries and Mensheviks were rounded up and imprisoned in December.

19
Q

What happened to the constituent assembly under Lenin?

A

After the elections in November 1917, in which Bolsheviks got 24% of the vote compared with 53% of the Socialist Revolutionaries (Kadets: 5%, Mensheviks 3%), Kadets were already outlawed by the time the Assembly met in January and was later closed and never opened again.

20
Q

What did Lenin declare after the Constituent Assembly elections in November 1917?

A

‘We must not be deceived by the election figures. Elections prove nothing’.

21
Q

What happened to the civilians that demonstrated against the action of closing the Constituent Assembly?

A

They were fired on and 12 killed.

22
Q

Which groups of people lost their right to vote in the new soviet government structure July 1918?

A

The ‘bourgeois’
This included: employers, priests, anyone who was regarded as ‘middle-class’ and in practice anyone the Bolsheviks decided was untrustworthy.

23
Q

When were all other political parties banned?

A

1921