the consequences of the sharpeville massacre Flashcards
what did the apartheid government do in reaction to the sharpeville massacre?
they increased repression
what did the apartheid government declare around the time of the sharpeville massacre?
They declared a state of emergency
what did the state of emergency allow the government to do at that time?
It empowered the government to be able to put through policies that they would not normally be able to do
gave additional powers to police and armed forces
when did the government pass the Unlawful Organisations act?
In the year 1960
what did the Unlawful Organisations do?
it banned the ANC and the PAC
what did the Unlawful Organisations act mean for the ANC and the PAC?
These parties were not allowed to exist in SA
People were not allowed to be members of the party
Many leaders went into exile or were arrested
what was the General Law Amendment Act?
This law allowed police to detain people for 90 days without trial or being allowed to see a lawyer. Often detainees were held solitary confinement
what more did the General Law Amendment Act do to detainees?
after an initial period of 90 days many like Robert Sobukwe, many were re-arrested and re-detained for a further 90 days.
This law also introduced the Sobukwe Clause that allowed for indefinite detention
What did the General Law Amendment Act act name illegal
to receive training that could further communism
What di the General Law Amendment Act lead to
the arrest and detainment of many leaders
What did the increased repression lead to?
A change in resistance movements( the ANC and PAC)
Where were resistance movements forced to go?
Underground, because they were illegal.
What was the “change” in resistances movements ?
The change was from peaceful to violent because many believed that means of peaceful protest was not effective.
What did the ANC and the PAC form in 1961
they formed armed wings that were used for acts of sabotage.
what was the name of the wings the ANC formed and what did they do?
they formed the UMkhonto
weSizwe (MK) which focused on attacking hard targets
what was the name of the armed wing that the PAC formed and what did they do?
they formed the Poqo which attacked soft targets
What did the change in resistance lead to?
it lead to the arrest of MK leaders and the Rivonia Trial
where was the headquarters of the MK?
LiliesLeaf
in what year was liliesleaf raided by police
In the year 1963
when Liliesleaf was raided what happened to the MK leaders
Mk leaders were arrested and documentation was seized
When and were, had Nelson Mandela been arrested
He had been arrested in Howick a year before
How many years was Nelson Mandela charged and what was he nicknamed at this time?
he was charged with five years and was nicknamed the accused number one of the Rivonia Trial
what were the accused charged with and under which act
Sabotage under the General Amendment Act
When were the accused charged?
12 June 1964
what did the Rivonia Trial result in?
eight of the accused eleven were sentenced with life in prison
what era did the Rivonia trial lead to
The silent 60s
after the rivonia trial what happened to resistance movement in the country?
Organised resistance slowed within South Africa
why did organised resistance slow in the 60s
many of the leaders were arrested or sent into exile
what did the apartheid government declare South Africa as
A police state
in what year did the a resurgence of resistance occur
In the year 1976
in 1976 what resistance movement had been created
Black consciousness
what event happened in the year 1976
the soweto uprising
