The Cold War in the 1950s (4) Flashcards
In the USA how many active members did the CPUSA have?
5000
What was the CPUSA?
American Communist Party
In 1950 how many communists did McCarthy claim to know?
around 205 working in the US government
Define McCarthyism
when McCarthy claimed to know about 205 communists working for the US government and so he gained massive amounts of publicity which he didn’t expect. It lead to massive paranoia throughout American and ruined many peoples lives as thousands of people were accused of being a communist.
What did the Un- American Activities Committee have the right to do?
they had the right to investigate anyone who was suspected of doing anything un- American (communist)
Who were the Hollywood 10?
when the HUAC called 10 Hollywood starts for being a communist and interrogated them, jailed for a year due to them refusing to answer and then they were blacklisted from Hollywood.
Who was the director of the FBI?
J. Hoover
Between 1947-50 how many suspected communists were investigated?
3 million
How many people lost their jobs due to McCarthy and the HUAC?
10,000
When was the Acheson White Paper?
1949
What was Eisenhowers ‘New Look Policy’?
its main elements included:
maintaining the validity of the US economy while still building significant strengths to prosecute the cold war
rely on nuclear weapons to deter communist agression
use the CIA to carry out covert actions against communists and their allies
form strong allies
What was Eisenhowers Roll Back policy?
try and roll back communism rather than contain it and argued that the USA should try and push communism out of Europe not just contain it
When was Eisenhower president between?
1953-61
What did Eisenhower mean by ‘ more bang for buck’?
he would cut spending on convention forces(navy and army) and increase the budget for the air force and for nuclear weaponry
What was massive retaliation?
building up arms so that retaliation would not be worth the enemy starting a war as they would not win and would suffer
What was brinkmanship?
convince potential enemies in any conflict that the USA was prepared to use nuclear weapons and each conflict would be taken as a threat of war
What percent was the GNP defence budget?
12%
When was the Formosa Resolution?
January 1955
What was the Formosa Resolution?
pledging the american defence in Taiwan in case of a communist invasion
When did the Taiwan Straits Crisis end?
May 1954
What was open skies proposal?
that the US and USSR would conduct survallience overflights of each others territory the ensure neither country was planning an attack
how did Eisenhower appear towards the USSR?
agressive
When was the trinity test?
16th July 1945
When were the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
6th and 9th august 1945
