The cold war

Question 1

Four Asian Tigers

Answer 1

the economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, which underwent rapid industrialization and maintained exceptionally high growth rates (in excess of 7 percent a year) between the early 1960s (mid-1950s for Hong Kong) and 1990s.

Question 2

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Answer 2

were student-led demonstrations in Beijing in 1989. More broadly, it refers to the popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests during that period, sometimes referred to as the ‘89 Democracy Movement

Question 3

Devolution

Answer 3

the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.

Question 4

Ronald Reagan

Answer 4

Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.

Question 5

Gorbachev

Answer 5

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman. He was the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, having been General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, when the party was dissolved.

Question 6

Perestroika

Answer 6

the policy or practice of restructuring or reforming the economic and political system.

Question 7

Glasnost

Answer 7

the policy or practice of more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information, initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985.

Question 8

Thatcherism

Answer 8

the political and economic policies advocated by the former British Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher, particularly those involving the privatization of nationalized industries and trade union legislation.

Question 9

Tony Blair

Answer 9

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997.

Question 10

Yugoslavia

Answer 10

a former country in SE Europe, on the Adriatic: established in 1918 from the independent states of Serbia and Montenegro, and regions that until World War I had belonged to Austria-Hungary

Question 11

Bosnia

Answer 11

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. Its countryside is home to medieval villages, rivers and lakes, plus the craggy Dinaric Alps.

Question 12

Rwanda

Answer 12

Rwanda is a landlocked East African country with a green, mountainous landscape.

Question 13

Cambodia

Answer 13

a republic in SE Asia: formerly part of French Indochina.

Question 14

Kosovo

Answer 14

Kosovo is a disputed territory and partially recognised state in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo.

Question 15

Weapons of mass destruction

Answer 15

a chemical, biological or radioactive weapon capable of causing widespread death and destruction.

Question 16

George W. Bush

Answer 16

George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009.

Question 17

Bill Clinton

Answer 17

William Jefferson Clinton is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

Question 18

NAFTA

Answer 18

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.

Question 19

Welfare State

Answer 19

a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits.

Question 20

Apartheid

Answer 20

a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

Question 21

Nelson Mandela

Answer 21

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

Question 22

Congolese Conflict

Answer 22

The Second Congo War began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues.

Question 23

Hutu

Answer 23

a member of a Bantu-speaking people forming the majority population in Rwanda and Burundi. They are traditionally a farming people and were historically dominated by the Tutsi people; the antagonism between the peoples led in 1994 to large-scale ethnic violence, especially in Rwanda.

Question 24

Tutsi

Answer 24

a member of a people forming a minority of the population of Rwanda and Burundi, who formerly dominated the Hutu majority. Historical antagonism between the peoples led in 1994 to large-scale ethnic violence, especially in Rwanda.

Question 25

Kleptocracy

Answer 25

a government or state in which those in power exploit national resources and steal; rule by a thief or thieves.

Question 26

New world order

Answer 26

The New World Order or NWO is claimed to be an emerging clandestine totalitarian world government by various conspiracy theories.

Question 27

Internet

Answer 27

a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

Question 28

Soweto Uprising

Answer 28

The Soweto uprising was a series of protests led by black school children in South Africa that began on the morning of 16 June 1976.

Question 29

Bantustans

Answer 29

a territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia), as part of the policy of apartheid.

Question 30

Persian Gulf War

Answer 30

A war between the forces of the United Nations, led by the United States, and those of Iraq that followed Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990.

Question 31

Helsinki Accords

Answer 31

The Helsinki Final Act was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, held in Helsinki, Finland.

Question 32

EEC

Answer 32

An organization of nations established in 1957 to promote free trade and economic cooperation among the nations of western Europe.

Question 33

EEU

Answer 33

An economic union created in 2014 by a treaty signed by Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. The union is set to go into effect in 2015.

Question 34

Chaebols

Answer 34

a large business conglomerate, typically a family-owned one.

Question 35

Corporation

Answer 35

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

Question 36

Tokyo Stock Exchange

Answer 36

stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan. It is the fourth largest stock exchange in the world by aggregate market capitalization of its listed companies, and largest in East Asia and Asia.

Question 37

Agglomerate

Answer 37

a mass or collection of things; an assemblage.

Question 38

Genocide

Answer 38

the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.

Question 39

Deng Xiaoping

Answer 39

Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese revolutionary and statesman. He was the paramount leader of the People’s Republic of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1989.

Question 40

African Union

Answer 40

The African Union is a continental union consisting of all 55 countries on the African continent.

Question 41

Free trade

Answer 41

international trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions.

Question 42

Third world

Answer 42

the developing countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Question 43

Maastricht treaty

Answer 43

The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union or TEU) undertaken to integrate Europe was signed on 7 February 1992 by the members of the European Community in Maastricht, Netherlands.

Question 44

ECLAC

Answer 44

The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, known as ECLAC, UNECLAC or in Spanish CEPAL, is a United Nations regional commission to encourage economic cooperation.

Question 45

1989 Revolutions

Answer 45

The Revolutions of 1989 were part of a revolutionary wave in the late 1980s and early 1990s that resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.