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Psychology: Psychopathology > The cognitive approach to treating depression > Flashcards

The cognitive approach to treating depression Flashcards

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1
Q

What does REBT stand for?

A

Rational emotive behaviour therapy

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2
Q

Who developed REBT

A

Albert Ellis

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3
Q

What did Ellis extend his ABC model to?

A

ABCDEF

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4
Q

What does the D stand for in the ABCDEF model?

A

Disputing irrational thoughts and beliefs

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5
Q

What does the E stand for in the ABCDEF model?

A

Effects of disputing

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6
Q

What does the F stand for in the ABCDEF model?

A

New feelings produced

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7
Q

What does REBT focus on?

A

Challenging the irrational beliefs and replacing them with new and effective rational beliefs

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of disputing?

A

Logical, pragmatic and empirical

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9
Q

What is logical disputing?

A

Self-defeating beliefs do not follow logically from the information available

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10
Q

What is empirical disputing?

A

Self-defeating beliefs may not be consistent with reality

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11
Q

What is pragmatic disputing?

A

Emphasises the lack of usefulness of self-defeating beliefs

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12
Q

What are clients often asked to do between CBT sessions?

A

Homework

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13
Q

Give an example of CBT homework?

A

Asking someone out on a date when they had previously feared rejection

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14
Q

Why is CBT homework useful?

A

It allows irrational beliefs against reality and putting new rational beliefs into practice

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15
Q

What is behavioural activation?

A

Encouraging depressed clients to become more active and engage in previously pleasurable activities

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16
Q

What is unconditional positive regard?

A

When the therapist provides respects and appreciation regardless of what the client says and does

17
Q

Why is unconditional positive regard important?

A

It convinces the client of their value as a human being

18
Q

What are the 4 AO3 points of the cognitive approach to treating depression?

A

1) Research support
2) Individual differences
3) Support for behavioural activation
4) Alternative treatments

19
Q

What did Ellis claim the success rate of REBT was?

A

90%

20
Q

What was the average number of REBT sessions required?

A

27

21
Q

What did one meta-analysis find about CBT?

A

It was more effective than no treatment

22
Q

Why did Ellis theorise that his REBT wasn’t 100% effective?

A

Clients did not always reality test their new beliefs

23
Q

Whose competence can explain variations in the effectiveness of CBT?

A

The therapists

24
Q

What types of individual may be less suited to CBT? (2)

A

1) People whose beliefs are rigid and resistant to change
2) Individuals who would prefer to share their worries with a therapist without getting involved with the cognitive effort of disputing and homework

25
Q

In what situation may CBT be less suitable?

A

Where high levels of stress in the individual reflect realistic stressors in the individual’s life that therapy cannot resolve

26
Q

In the study that supports behavioural activation, how many volunteers were there?

A

156

27
Q

In the study that supports behavioural activation, what condition did the participants all have?

A

Major depressive disorder

28
Q

In the study that supports behavioural activation, what were the 3 experimental groups?

A

A 4 month aerobic exercise programme, a 4 month drug plan or a combination of both

29
Q

In the study that supports behavioural activation, what was found of all the experimental groups?

A

They all experienced a reduction is depression symptoms

30
Q

In the study that supports behavioural activation, what was found after 6 months?

A

Those who had completed the exercise plan was less likely to relapse than those who just took drugs

31
Q

Other than cognitive therapies, what are common treatments for depression?

A

Drug therapies

32
Q

Why may drug therapies be better than CBT for depressed individuals?

A

They require much less effort

33
Q

Why may CBT be unrealistic for depressed individuals?

A

They have low energy + motivation levels

34
Q

What is the most effective treatment(s) of depression?

A

A combination of CBT and drug therapy

35
Q

Why is a combination of CBT and drug therapy the most effective treatment of depression?

A

The medication allows the patient to focus on the demands of therapy

Psychology: Psychopathology (8 decks)

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