The codillera

Question 1

Define an Orogenic Belt.

Answer 1

A part of a continent where the Earth’s crust has been subjected to deformation leading to the
creation of a mountain range.

Question 2

List Canada’s 3 orogenic belts. In order from oldest to youngest. (3 Marks)

Answer 2

Appalachian
• Innutian
• Cordilleran

Question 3

How can you tell a young mountain form an old mountain? (1 Mark)

Answer 3

Young mountains typically have more sharp peaks, and they are usually taller than older
mountains.

Question 4

Tectonic folding forced layers of rock upwards to form the Appalachian Orogeny. What were
the plates that collided during the formation of Pangaea? (1 Mark)

Answer 4

North American collided with Europe and African

Question 5

5. In the ________ Orogeny, the weight of glaciers on the region forced the plate downwards,
   and allowed flooding of lower areas by the ocean. (1 Mark

Answer 5

Appalachian

Question 6

The Innuitian Orogenic belt was formed in the ________ era, by the northward movement of the
North American plate. (1 Mark

Answer 6

Mesozoic

Question 7

What interaction lead to the uplifting of the Cordillera region into several mountain ranges.
(1 Mark)

Answer 7

The interaction of the Pacific and North American plats

Question 8

The Cordillera covers approximation ___ percent of Canada. (1 Mark

Answer 8

16

Question 9

List the 3 distinct and different mountain ranges that make up the Cordillera. (3 Marks)

Answer 9

• The Eastern Mountains (Rocky and Columbia Mountains)
• The Interior Plateaus (Okanagan Valley, etc.)
• The Coast Mountains

Question 10

______is located between the Columbia Mountains and the Coast Mountains.

Answer 10

Interior Plateau

Question 11

As discussed in the notes, what is the River that runs through the Interior Plateau? (1 Mark)

Answer 11

Fraser River

Question 12

The Rocky and Columbia Mountains make up the ________ Mountains.

Answer 12

Eastern

Question 13

Many use the term “Rocky Mountains” to describe the Western Cordillera. Why is this
incorrect? (1 Mark)

Answer 13

The Rockies are just a small part of the Western Cordillera

Question 14

The Rocky Mountains have high ranges that form the _________ between the eastward-
and westward- flowing rivers. (1 Mark

Answer 14

Continental Divide

Question 15

The highest point in Canada, _________ rises 5,959 m amid a huge ice field in the southwest
corner of the Yukon, the largest icecap south of the Arctic Circle. (1 Mark)

Answer 15

Mount Logan

Question 16

_______consist of a mass of interlocking igneous intrusions and metamorphic
rocks (a direct result of plate tectonics).

Answer 16

Coast Mountains

Question 17

What was formerly called the Queen Charlotte Islands?

Answer 17

Haida Gwaii

Question 18

The westernmost mountains are geologically similar to the Interior system. (1 Mark)
True or False

Answer 18

True Bitch!

Question 19

Continuing movement of the North American and Pacific plates makes the West coast of Canada
the most active earthquake zone in the country. (1 Mark)
True or False

Answer 19

True again Bitch

Question 20

Volcanic eruptions were first described by what Canadian people? (1 Mark)

Answer 20

First Nation’s legends

Question 21

On the leeward side of mountains, a __________effect is created, forcing __________
farmers to irrigate their orchards and vineyards. (2 Marks

Answer 21

rain-shadow

Okanagan Valley

Question 22

The oldest recognizable feature of landscape is the gently rolling upland of the interior plateaus.
The ancient surface was sculpted by erosion many millions of years ago. Since then it has been:

Answer 22

a. Uplifted
b. Partly buried by lava flows
c. Dissected by river erosion
d. Modified by glacier

Question 23

_______areas of the Cordillera, landforms such as cirques and u-shaped valleys are
common in mountains and along edges of higher plateaus. (1 Mark)

Answer 23

glaciated

Question 24

24. In the Cordillera, features such as striations, drumlins, eskers and till plains are widespread on
    the _____ and _______. (2 Marks

Answer 24

plateaus

plains

Question 25

25. Valleys and lowlands commonly contain thick _____ and ____ that were deposited in ice-damned
    lakes during glacier melting and _____ and ____ that were deposited by meltwater streams

Answer 25

silts, and clays

sands, and gravels

Question 26

26. During 12,000 years of ______ time rivers have formed terraces, alluvial fans, floodplains
    and deltas in the Western Cordillera. (1 Mark

Answer 26

postglacial

Question 27

_______of the Western Cordillera have been modified by rock falls, debris flows, landslides,
soil creep and snow avalanches. (1 Mark)

Answer 27

valleyside