The Coast Flashcards
What is a concordant coast line?
Layers of rock run parallel to the coast and have the same type of rock along the coast, for example, The White Cliffs Of Dover.
What is a discordant coast line?
Layers of rock run perpendicular to the coast and is made of different types of rock along the coastline, for example, Swanage Bay, Dorset.
Which direction does a swash go?
The tide goes in.
Which direction does a backwash go in?
The tide goes out.
What is Longshore Drift?
Longshore drift (or LSD) is the process by which sediment can be transported along a coast by waves.
What are the four methods of sediment transportation?
Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution
What happens during traction?
Large boulders are rolled along the seabed by waves.
What happens during saltation?
Smaller stones are bounced along the seabed.
What happens during suspension?
Sand and small particles are carried along in the flow of water.
What happens during solution?
Some minerals are dissolved in seawater and carried along in the flow.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rockets are formed in layers called beds and often contain fossils.
Give two examples of a sedimentary rock.
Chalk - it’s made out of calcium carbonate and is susceptible to chemical weathering.
Sandstone - it’s made out of sand sized grains cemented together. It can be hard, and resistant to weathering, it is however permeable.
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks are formed of crystals so they are resistant to erosion. They are usually impermeable.
Give two examples of igneous rocks.
Granite - it’s affected by chemical weathering.
Basalt - it’s a grey rock made from very small crystals. Lava flows cool to form basalt.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks are formed by great heat and pressure.
