Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 10 Biology 🌸 > The Circulatory System > Flashcards

The Circulatory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the three major components of the circulatory system?

A
  • Blood
  • Heart
  • Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries)

These components work together to circulate blood throughout the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the circulatory system?

A

Carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, waste, digested food, heat, and hormones

This function is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and supporting cellular activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two types of circulation in the circulatory system?

A
  • Pulmonary circulation
  • Systemic circulation

Pulmonary circulation refers to blood flow to the lungs, while systemic circulation refers to blood flow to the rest of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: The blood flowing to the lungs is called _______.

A

[pulmonary circulation]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fill in the blank: The blood going to the rest of the body is called _______.

A

[systemic circulation]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the structure and function of arteries.

A
  • Thick layer of muscle and elastic fibers
  • Thick walls
  • Small lumen
  • Carry blood away from the heart at high pressure

The elasticity of arteries helps accommodate the high pressure of blood pumped from the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the structure and function of veins.

A
  • Relatively thin walls
  • Large lumen
  • Often have valves
  • Carry blood back to the heart at low pressure

Valves in veins prevent backflow of blood, ensuring it moves in the correct direction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the structure and function of capillaries.

A
  • Walls are a single cell thick
  • Very narrow lumen
  • Allow gas exchange

The thin walls of capillaries facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the structure of the heart?

A
  • 4 chambered muscular pump
  • Made from cardiac muscle
  • Supplied with blood via coronary arteries

The four chambers include two atria and two ventricles, which work together to pump blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What separates the two sides of the heart?

A

The septum

The septum ensures that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the names of the chambers of the heart?

A
  • Atria (upper chambers)
  • Ventricles (lower chambers)

The atria have thinner walls, while the ventricles have thicker walls to pump blood more forcefully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of the heart valves?

A

Ensure blood flows in one direction

Valves prevent backflow of blood between beats, contributing to the heart’s efficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: The heart has no valves.

A

False

Valves are crucial for maintaining proper blood flow through the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the shape and function of red blood cells?

A

Red blood cells are bi-concave in shape, contain hemoglobin, and pick up oxygen.

Hemoglobin gives red blood cells their bright red color when combined with oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the lifespan of red blood cells?

A

120 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the types of white blood cells?

A
  • Lymphocyte
  • Monocyte
  • Eosinophil
  • Basophil
  • Neutrophil

These cells detect and destroy bacteria.

17
Q

What is the main role of platelets?

A

To clot blood and form a scab when blood is exposed to air.

18
Q

What is plasma and what does it consist of?

A

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood, consisting of water, nutrients, hormones, and wastes like carbon dioxide.

19
Q

What percentage of blood does plasma make up?

A

55%

20
Q

What are some factors that can cause problems in heart health?

A
  • Lack of exercise
  • Poor diet
  • Smoking
  • Stress
  • Genetics
21
Q

How does exercise affect heart health?

A

It strengthens the heart and decreases fat.

22
Q

How does a poor diet impact heart health?

A

It increases fat and cholesterol, causing the heart to work harder.

23
Q

What is the effect of smoking on blood?

A

It makes the blood more likely to clot.

24
Q

How does stress affect the body?

A

It causes the body to release hormones and adrenaline.

25
Q

What is the role of genetics in heart disease?

A

People can inherit genes that increase the likelihood of heart disease.

26
Q

Which ventricle of the heart has the thickest walls?

A

The left ventricle.

27
Q

What is the function of the right ventricle?

A

It pumps blood to the lungs.

28
Q

In a single heart beat, what happens to blood?

A

Blood enters the atrium and is forced into the ventricle, which then contracts to push blood upwards.

29
Q

How does blood leave the heart?

A

Via an artery.

Year 10 Biology 🌸 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions