The circulatory System 1

Question 1

What are the main parts of the circulatory system? (5 things)

Answer 1

Blood, The heart, Veins, Arteries and Capillaries

Question 2

What makes up the blood?

Answer 2

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets, Plasma

Question 3

Whats the role of Erythrocytes? (Red)

Answer 3

Responsibility for the delivery of oxygen to other cells in the body. Haemoglobin carries OXYGEN.

Question 4

Do Erythrocytes have a nucleus?

Answer 4

No! It has no nucleus.

Question 5

Where is erythrocytes formed?
%?

Answer 5

In the bone Marrow and makes up a high percentage of the blood.

Question 6

Whats the structure of Erythrocytes?

Answer 6

Biconcave shape and it’s flexible to squeeze through capillaries.

Question 7

What the role of Leukocytes? (white)

Answer 7

To protect us against pathogens (our immune system)

Question 8

Do Leukocytes contain a nucleus?

Answer 8

YES THEY DOOOOOO!!!! They are also a small percentage of the blood :)

Question 9

Where are Leukocytes found?

Answer 9

In the blood and lymphatic system.

Question 10

Where are Leukocytes formed?

Answer 10

In the bone marrow.

Question 11

Whats the role of Platelets? What do they use?

Answer 11

They form blood clots using fibrin.

Question 12

What do blood clots do?

Answer 12

They SLOW down and STOP bleeding.

Question 13

Whats the structure of a platelet? Do they have a nucleus?

Answer 13

They have an irregular shape.
They DON’T have a nucleus.

Question 14

Where are platelets formed?

Answer 14

In the bone marrow

Question 15

What is plasma?

Answer 15

It is the liquid that holds the rest of the components.

Question 16

What colour is Plasma?

Answer 16

Yellow

Question 17

True or False: Plasma is a small percentage of the blood.

Answer 17

False: It is a large percentage of the blood volume.

Question 18

Name at least 3 things that blood transfers… (There are 5)

Answer 18

Nutrients, waste products, water, hormones and ENZYMES all around the body.

Question 19

What is a double circulatory system?

Answer 19

It means that for the heart to complete a circuit, it must pass through the heart twice.

Fun fact! The heart is a muscle, it constantly contracts and relexes to pump blood around the body.

Question 20

What animals have a double circulatory system? (think of at least 3)

Answer 20

Mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

Question 21

What is a single circulatory system?

Answer 21

Blood only passes through the heart once to complete a circuit.

Question 22

How many chambers, atriums and ventricles does a single C. system have?

Answer 22

2 Chambers
1 atrium
1 ventricle

Question 23

True or False: The single C. system receives oxygenated blood and has a high blood pressure.

Answer 23

False: It receives deoxygenated blood and has a low blood pressure

Question 24

How is oxygen being received in a single C. system?

Answer 24

It’s only received after being pumped from the heart. Eg gills.

Question 25

What animal has a single C. system?

Answer 25

FISH 🐟🐠🐟

Question 26

What is a closed C. system?

Answer 26

Blood is enclosed within blood vessels. IE, Arteries, veins, capillaries. Most animals have these.

Question 27

How does blood flow through the heart?

Answer 27

Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the Vena Cava, it moves to the right atrium, through the Tricuspid Valve, into the Right Ventricle. It then exits the heart through the Pulmonary artery which moves the blood to the lungs so it can get oxygenated. Once the blood has been oxygenated it then flows through the pulmonary veins, into the left atrium, through the bicuspid valve, into the left ventricle and then out the Aorta to the rest of the body.

Question 28

What does the Sino Atrial Node do?

Answer 28

Sets rate and timing for cardiac muscles cells to contract. Starts electrical signal. Causes left and right atria to contract sends signal to Atrioventricular Node

Question 29

What does the Atrioventricular Node do?

Answer 29

Provides delay of 0.1 seconds between contractions of atrium and ventricles. Makes sure Atria are empty of blood. Atrioventricular Node electrical signal goes down into 2 bundles.

Question 30

What do bundles of His do?

Answer 30

Specialised for electrical conduction. Conduct signal down purkinje fibres to contract the ventricles

Question 31

What do purkinje fibres do?

Answer 31

Synchronised contractions of ventricles maintaining the hearts rhythm Delay from SA node to purkinje fibres (less than 1 second)…

Question 32

Everything about: Arteries

Answer 32

They take blood away from heart. Carry oxygenated blood (exception pulmonary A) High blood pressure thick walls narrow lumen

Question 33

Everything about veins:

Answer 33

Into heart Deoxygenated blood (exception pulmonary vein) Thin walls wide lumen Have valves (1 direction)

Question 34

Everything about capillaries:

Answer 34

Tiny. Connect Arteries and veins together. Allows oxygen and waste products to be transferred to and from blood to reach surrounding tissue/organs Walls 1 cell thick, O and CO2 pass through walls