The Chemistry of Metals and the Reactivity Series Flashcards
Is there a pattern with the group 1 metals reacting with water
They get more reactive the further down the group
Why are they called the alkali metals
When they react with water they form an alkaline solution
Reactivity series
Most reactive
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
What type of metals is group 1
Alkali
When alkali metals react with water what do they produce
Metal hydroxide and hydrogen
Write the equations for:
Lithium +water
Sodium +water
Potassium +water
Lithium+water—> lithium hydroxide +hydrogen
Sodium+water —> sodium hydroxide+ hydrogen
Potassium+water—> potassium hydroxide +hydrogen
What do metals have to be higher than in the reactivity series to react with water?
Hydrogen
Equation for a metal reacting with an acid
Metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen
Ending for hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acid
Chloride, sulfate, nitrate
Iron + sulphuric acid —>
Iron sulphate + hydrogen
What is a displacement reaction
When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal
Displacement reaction equation
More reactive metal + less reactive metal compound —> less reactive metal + more reactive metal compound
What are salts
Neutral ionic compounds
Oxidation
When a substance gains oxygen in a reaction
Reduction
When a substance loses oxygen in a reaction
Thermite reaction equation
Aluminium + iron oxide —> aluminium oxide + iron
What does it mean if a metal is higher than carbon in the reactivity series
It can react with water
What is needed to rust/ corrode
Oxygen and water
When metals corrode it’s called… when iron corrodes it’s called…
Corrosion, rusting
Equation for rust
Iron + oxygen —> hydrated iron oxide (chemical name for rust)
(Water)
What is the barrier method
Putting a barrier between the iron and the air e.g painting or oiling , rubber coating
What is the sacrificial protection method
Attaching big blocks of metal more reactive than iron or the metal, this metal corrodes in preference
What is the galvanising method
Invokes covering metal in another metal more reactive
What’s the best anti rust method
Galvanising as it is both a sacrificial protection method and a barrier method
