The Chemical Context Of Life Flashcards
Atom
The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down by other substances by chemical reactions
Molecule
Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Compound
A substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio
3 phases of matter
- solid
- liquid
- gas
Matter
Anything made of atoms
What are the four elements that make up 96% of our body mass?
- oxygen
- nitrogen
- hydrogen
- carbon
Parts of an atom
- protons- +
- neutrons- =
- electrons- -
Atomic number of an atom
Number of protons in a nucleus
How many electrons are there in an uncharged atom?
It is equal to the number of protons in the atom that is not charged
What determines the behavior and interactions between atoms?
The number of electrons in the putter she’ll.
How many elections are in each orbital?
2, 8, 8,
When are atoms stable?
When they are forming chemical bonds
What is an ionic bond?
-Charged atoms
-
Covalent bond
Shared pair of electrons
What is a no polar covalent bond?
Atoms share elections equally
What is a polar covalent bond?
A bond that doesn’t share electrons equally
What is a hydrogen bond?
Attraction between 2 partially charged molecules
What occurs during chemical reactions?
The breaking of bonds. Rearranging atoms. Not created or destroyed, or changed into different elements
Strengths of bonds
Covalent- strongest
Ionic- middle
Hydrogen- weakest
