The Chemical Basis Of Life

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

Simplest matter with unique chemical properties. Oxygen, carbon, sodium, magnesium, potassium, etc.

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

Is the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical characteristics of that element.

Question 3

What are atoms formed from?

Answer 3

Protons, electrons and neutrons.

Question 4

What type of charge do neutrons have?

Answer 4

None

Question 5

What type of electrical charge do protons have?

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

What type of electrical charge do electrons have?

Answer 6

Negative.

Question 7

Anabolism

Answer 7

All of the synthesis reactions that occur in the body. Growth, maintenance, repair.

Question 8

Catabolism

Answer 8

Decomposition reactions. Digestion of food molecules in the intestine and cells, breakdown of fat stores, breakdown of foreign matter and microorganisms in certain blood cells that function to protect the body.

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

All of the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body collectively result in metabolism.

Question 10

Catalyst

Answer 10

A substance that increases the rate at which a chemical reaction proceeds without itself being permanently changed or depleted.

Question 11

Enzymes

Answer 11

Protein molecules in the body that act as catalysts.

Question 12

Energy

Answer 12

The capacity to do work (move matter).

Question 13

Potential energy

Answer 13

Stored energy that could do work but is not doing so.

Question 14

Kinetic energy

Answer 14

Energy caused by the movement of an object this form of energy is the actual energy that is doing the work.

Question 15

Electric energy

Answer 15

Movement of ions or electrons. Example: nerve impulses and electrical currents.

Question 16

Electromagnetic energy

Answer 16

Energy that moves in waves analogous to the waves produced by dropping a pebble into a pond of water. X-rays, gamma rays, radiation therapy, radio waves, microwaves.