The changing landscapes of the uk Flashcards
Outline the process of a sedimentary rock being formed
1-material is washed into the sea by water erosion or blown in by the sea
2-shells and skeletons of sea creatures fall to the Sea bed and are covered by the material
3-theses layers of sediment are compressed over time
What are the two main types of sedimentary rock
1-limestone and chalk
2-clay and shale
How are igneous rocks formed
Igneous rock forms when magma from the mantle cools and hardens. As it cools, crystals form in the rock
Are igneous rocks more resistant to erosion
Yes
Where are igneous rocks mostly found in the uk
Northern and upland areas
How are metamorphic rocks formed
When rock( igneous, sedimentary or older metamorphic rock) is put under pressure and heated.
What are the three main human factors that have effected the physical landscape of the uk
Settlements, agriculture and forestry
What are the three types of weathering
Mechanical, biological, chemical
Outline the process of freeze thaw weathering
1) water collects from rainfall and collects in the crack of a rock
2) when the water freezes overnight it expands widening the rock
3)ice thaws contracts and gets wider and deeper into cracks again
4)this process repeats until rock breaks apart
What is chemical weathering
Rainwater is slightly acidic which effects the weathering of stones such as limestone
What are the two types of biological weathering
Plant roots and animals
What is the definition of mass movement
The downhill movement of material under the influence of gravity
What is a landslide
A movement of material in a group all together until it hits the bottom of the slope
What is rock fall
This occurs when areas of weekend rock fall independently landing on the base of the cliff
What are the 4 types of erosion
Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, soulution
What are the 4 types of transportation
Traction, saltation, suspension, solution
