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Geography paper 2 > The changing economic world- Nigeria- B > Flashcards

The changing economic world- Nigeria- B Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an example of a NNE country which is going under rapid economic development?

A

Nigeria

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2
Q

where is Nigeria located?

A
  • west Africa
  • 3x larger than UK
  • ‘giant of Africa’
  • north of equator
  • south coast of Gulf of Guinea
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3
Q

what is the importance of Nigeria in Africa?

A
  • 3rd largest manufacturing sector
  • 2014 highest GPD
  • largest population (182 million)
  • largest farm output
  • 19 million cattle
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4
Q

what is the importance of Nigeria globally?

A
  • 12th highest oil producer world wide

- 5th largest contributor to UN peacekeeping around world

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5
Q

what is Nigeria’s political context?

A
  • 1960’s gained indépendance
  • civil wars and dictatorships which delayed development
  • now stable government
  • forgein companies starting to invest i.e Microsoft
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6
Q

what is Nigeria’s cultural context?

A
  • Nollywood films which is enjoyed across the country
  • second largest film production in the world
  • nigerian teams have won the African cup of nations
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7
Q

how is Nigeria industrial structure changing?

A
  • in 1999 70% were in the primary sector, 10% secondary, tertiary 20%.
  • in 2012 40% in primary sector, 30% secondary, 30% tertiary
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8
Q

how has Nigeria’s manufacturing sector helping to boost the economy?

A
  • regular paid work gives propel chance to improve own lives
  • many manufactures goods are available fro people to buy
  • attracts foreigns companies to establish in Nigeria
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9
Q

what is a transnational corporation (TNC)?

A

large company that operates in several countries

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10
Q

what is a TNC which works in Nigeria?

A

shell oil

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11
Q

what are the benefits of shell oil?

A
  • brings jobs
  • improves healthcare, education and water supply
  • voted best company to work for in 2014 in Nigeria
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12
Q

what are the costs of Shell oil in Nigeria?

A
  • toxic fumes polluting air
  • oil theft cost governments + Shell oil billions every year
  • poor welfare for staff
  • water pollution
  • damaged agricultural land
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13
Q

what is emergency/ short term aid?

A

needed after sudden disasters such as floods

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14
Q

what is charitable aid?

A

funded by donations from the public through organisations such as OXFAM

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15
Q

what is long term or development aid?

A

local communities with education and skills for sustainable development

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16
Q

what is multilateral aid?

A

given through international organisations like the world bank

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17
Q

how does Nigeria benefit from aid?

A
  • nets given and education on Malaria to prevent diseases
  • world bank funded loans to start new businesses
  • Uk government has funded health and HIV programs
18
Q

why isn’t aid always beneficial in Nigeria?

A
19
Q

what are the effects of economic growth on the environment in Nigeria?

A
  • toxic waste in rivers
  • harmful pollutants into open drains
  • lung problems form fumes
  • waste collection is poor
  • 70-80% of forest has been cleared
  • oil spills damaging fresh water
20
Q

what has caused the UK economy to change?

A
  • changes in manufacturing industry
  • deindustrialisation
  • globalisation
  • government poiticcs
21
Q

what is deindustrialisation and how has it changed the Uk economy?

A
  • the reduction of industrial activity pr capacity in a region or economy
  • NEE’s like China opened manufacturing to the world so many moved there
  • coal shut down
  • ran out of iron
  • strict EU laws
22
Q

what is the UK’s post industrial economy like?

A
  • more service industries
  • development in IT
  • footloose finance
  • research
23
Q

what is an example of a service job?

A

teacher

24
Q

what are the benefits of having more service jobs?

A
  • high skilled/payed jobs

- easier than doing it yourself

25
Q

what are the problems of having more service jobs?

A
  • pay them
  • expensive to run
  • people become reliant
26
Q

what is footloose?

A

industries that don’t need raw materials and make use of information technologies to locate anywhere

27
Q

how has IT changed our working practice?

A
  • 8-9% of people now work from home
  • interviews over the phone
  • social media for background checks
28
Q

how has the UK’s finance changed?

A
  • world leading centre for finance in the UK
  • 10% of UK’s GD
  • investment only stays in London where finance jobs are
29
Q

what are the impacts on industry on the physical environment?

A
  • industrial waste
  • air pollution
  • resource exploitation
  • energy use
30
Q

what is an example of a modern day industrial development being more sustainable?

A

jaguar landrover

31
Q

how have jaguar landcover been more sustainable?

A
  • solar panels
  • 120,000l water tank for run off water for toilets
  • local labour]
  • cycle/walk ways
  • bike racks
  • improved fuel efficiency on cars
32
Q

how has rural and urban places changed in population?

A
  • people moving to urban areas
  • people moving out of rural areas
  • more jobs, houses, entertainment, opportunities
33
Q

what is an example of a case study of rural population growth?

A

Coggeshall, ESSEX

34
Q

why is Coggeshall (village) seeing population growth?

A
  • train service to London in 40min
  • local businesses thriving
  • 300 listed buildings, good history
  • links to A120 to major settlements
  • local healthcare, education
35
Q

what is it like in the North?

A
  • high unemployment
  • slower population growth
  • less demand for housing
  • lower house prices
  • mostly manufacturing until de-industrialation
36
Q

what is the like in the south?

A
  • less manufacturing
  • high employment levels
  • growing population
  • higher house prices
37
Q

how has the Uk’s place in world changed?

A
  • British empire once covered 1/3 of the world
  • 20th centry most gained independence
  • all share common wealth values
38
Q

where are the UK’s main international links today?

A
  • maintains links through trade, culture and migration
  • people migrate from Asia, Africa and fill gaps In workforce
  • 1973 joined European union
  • migration from Europe to Uk has increased
39
Q

why is the Uk a desirable place for EU migrants to live?

A
  • high GPD and income
  • island
  • offer benefits
  • offer jobs
  • high wages
40
Q

what are the main counties which the UK import from?

A
  • Germany
  • USA
  • China
41
Q

what are the main countries export to?

A
  • USA
  • Germany
  • France
  • China
42
Q

what are the Uk’s transport links with the wider world?

A
  • Heathrow fly all over the world

- HS1 Eurostar rail to the EU

Geography paper 2 (5 decks)

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