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Geography Revision 4th Form > The Challenge of Natural Hazards > Flashcards

The Challenge of Natural Hazards Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a natural hazard?

A

A hazard which can impact/harm human life

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2
Q

Name 5 natural hazards?

A

Hurricane
Pandemic
Earthquake
Volcano
Tropical Storms

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3
Q

What is weather?

A

The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time

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4
Q

What is climate?

A

The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period of time

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5
Q

What is insolation?

A

Amount of solar radiation reaching a given area

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6
Q

What is latitude?

A

The angular distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator

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7
Q

What is the earth driven by?

A

The energy from the sun

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8
Q

What varies the amount of insolation in a place?

A

Latitudes

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9
Q

What type of levels of insolation would you see if you were at low latitudes near the equator?

A

High levels of insolation as rays are spread over a small area

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10
Q

What is the insolation like at the poles?

A

Low levels of insolation due to rays being spread over large distances

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11
Q

Why does warm air rise?

A

Because it’s less dense

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12
Q

Why does cool air sink?

A

Because it’s very dense

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13
Q

What is it called when air particles move from high to low pressure?

A

It’s known as wind

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14
Q

Name all the cells of earth?

A

Polar cell, Ferrell cell, Hadley cell

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15
Q

Which way and in what oceans are hurricanes found?

A

They move West and are found in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

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16
Q

Which way and in what oceans are Cyclones found?

A

They move North and South and are found in the Indian Ocean

17
Q

Which way and in what oceans are Typhoons found?

A

They move North and are found in the Pacific Ocean

18
Q

Which way and in what oceans are Willy-willies found?

A

They move South and West and are found in the Pacific Ocean

19
Q

How do tropical storms form? (6-7 point)

A
  • Sun sends solar radiation warming the oceans
  • The warm air has to reach 27 degrees
  • Warm moist air will rise in air thermals, this gives low pressure at the centre of the storm
  • Air cools rising thus causing condensation and rain to occur
  • Some air cools and sinks creating the eye
  • Air rushes in from high pressure, lowering pressure at the centre
20
Q

Why do storms spin?

A

Coriolis affect and trade winds

21
Q

How many categories are there for tropical storms?

A

5

22
Q

Due to climate change what will happen to storms in terms of frequency, intensity and distribution?

A

Frequency: Decrease or not change
Intensity: Will become stronger
Distribution: Will be further North and South

23
Q

Give 4 immediate responses of tropical storms?

A

Evacuation
Temporary shelters set up
Rescue of people trapped
Providing food and water for people

24
Q

Give 4 Long term responses of tropical storms?

A

Repair and rebuild
rehousing people
Repair transport infrastructure
Improve defences to tropical storms

25
Q

Describe the path of Typhoon Haiyan, include information as well?

A

North West across the Philippines, cat 4-5 storm, made landfall on 7 Nov lasting 2 days. Wind speeds of 314 kph

26
Q

Give the Primary effects of Typhoon Haiyan? (5)

A

6300 people killed
4.1 million were homeless
1.1 million tonnes of crop were destroyed
90% of Tacloban was destroyed
14.1 million people were affected

27
Q

Give the Secondary effects of Typhoon Haiyan? (4)

A

Looting and violence increases dramatically
800,000 litre of oil leaked from a tanker
Infection and diseases spread
Floods and landslides blocked roads

28
Q

Give the Immediate responses to Typhoon Haiyan?(4)

A

1200 evacuation centres were set up
Emergency aid was quick to arrive from international places
Red Cross delivered basic food
$1.5 billion in foreign aid was pledged

29
Q

Give the Long term responses to Typhoon Haiyan?(4)

A

Oxfam replaced fishing boats
‘Build Back Better’ was given by the government
A cash for work programme was set up for Tacloban
International powers (UK, JAP, AUS) sent financial aid

30
Q

What killed the people in Typhoon Haiyan, the storm or flash floods?

A

Flash floods

31
Q

Where did Haiyan hit after the Philippines?

A

Vietnam

32
Q

Give the Primary effects of the Beast from the East? (3 effects)

A

Flood warning issued
Deaths due to frozen lakes
Rural areas had -12 degrees

33
Q

Give the Secondary effects of the Beast from the East? (3 effects)

A

BA cancelled all flights
Multiple accidents on the road
Hundreds trapped in vehicles

34
Q

Give 3 responses to Beats from the East?

A

Army was utilised
Hospitals cancelled hundreds of appointments
Red warning issued by MET office

35
Q

What were 3 causes of Beast from the East?

A

Change in N Polar jet streams
Jump in temperatures over the arctic
Air gained moisture via the snow

Geography Revision 4th Form (6 decks)

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