The challenge of natural hazards Flashcards
what is a natural event?
A natural event is an event caused by natural Earth processes
what is a natural hazard?
Natural hazards are extreme natural events that can cause loss of life, extreme damage to property and disrupt human activities.
Can any hazard occur anywhere?
No. Some hazards can only occur according to climatic or tectonic conditions (e.g. tropical storms and volcanic eruptions)
When do tectonic hazards occur?
when the Earth’s crust moves. For example, when the plates move, friction can cause them to become stuck. Tension builds until the plates release, which leads to an earthquake.
When do climatic hazards occur?
when a region has certain weather conditions, for example, heavy rainfall can lead to flooding.
What are hazard risks?
economic, social, and environmental consequences.
Why are hazard risks increasing?
Hazard risks are increasing due to population growth, urbanisation, pressure on marginal land and changes to the natural environment.
What are 3 factors that can affect hazard risk?
Climate change, urbanisation, and level of development.
What does level development affect?
Level development affects how prepared an area is for a natural hazard if one occurs.
What continent has the highest concentration of extreme risk nations?
Asia. E.g. Iran, Pakistan, India, and China.
What is atmospheric circulation?
The general movements of air around the Earth due to pressure and temperature.
What is CCS?
Carbon Capture and Storage. The process of capturing carbon dioxide that would normally be emitted into the atmosphere and storing it underground in reservoirs.
Where do tropical storms form?
Tropical storms form above oceans where temperatures are over 27°C
Give one reason why tropical storms have a seasonal pattern.
They occur when sea temperatures are the highest (over 26/27 celsius)
What are primary effects?
The direct result of a natural hazard
