The central nervous system and human behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

what is Central Nervous System

A

consists of the brain and spinal cord and is the origin of all complex commands and decisions

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2
Q

What is the spinal cord?

A

tube-like extension of the brain, connected to the brain via the brainstem
- responsible for reflex actions(pulling hand away from hot plate)
- passing info to and from the brain, linking it to peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

a ‘bridge’ of nerve fibres linking left and right hemispheres together, allows them to communicate
* In Raine’s study, murderers showed less activity in the corpus callosum, which suggest their hemisphere weren’t communicating properly

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4
Q

What is the cerebral cortex?

A

3mm thick, covers the inner part of the brain, highly developed in human, distinguishes our mental functioning from other animals

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5
Q

What are the four lobes in the cortex

A

frontal lobes
parietal lobes
temporal lobes
occipital lobes

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6
Q

What is the frontal lobe

A

pre-frontal cortex - for self-control and decision-making, a big role in handling aggression
OFC is located in the prefrontal cortex
aggression=activity in the OFC is reduced

  • In Raine’s study, murderers showed less activity in the frontal lobe compared to a non-criminal control group, which shows their lack of self-control
  • found greater glucose metabolism(a measure of activity) in amygdala, but low meablism in the prefrontal cortex
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7
Q

What is the parietal lobe?

A

controls language but also specialises in touch and directing bodily movements

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8
Q

What is the temporal lobes?

A

handles most of our memory functions
* Schmolck looked at patients who had enormous memory problems because of brain damage to the temporal lobe in the contemporary cognitive study

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9
Q

What is the occipital lobes?

A

located at the back of the brain, it processes sight and our sense of our environment

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10
Q

What is thalamus

A

brain’s relay station

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11
Q

role of the Limbic system

A
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12
Q

What is amygdala

A

incorporate in limbic system
‘handles the emotional responses to anger and fear
* In Raine’s study, the amygdala in murderers functioned erratically

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13
Q

What is the hypothalamus?

A

shape and size of a pea
it regulates hunger, thirst, sexual arousal, and sleep
- part of the endocrine system: it regulates hormone production in the body

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14
Q

What is the hippocampus?

A

shaped like the sea horse
important for forming new memories(LTM)
* HM whose hippocampus is removed by accident

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15
Q

What is the cerebellum?

A

coordinate posture, balance and movement
contains 50% of neurons

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16
Q

where does the somatosensory cortex located in

A

parietal lobe

17
Q

what is Central Nervous System?

A

consists of the brain and spinal cord and is the origin of all complex commands and decisions

18
Q

which part of the brain is involved in self-control and inhibition of aggression

A

orbitofrontal cortex