The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes

Question 1

Acidosis

Answer 1

Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 2

hypernatremia

Answer 2

elevated sodium concentration in the blood

Question 3

Edema

Answer 3

fluid accumulation in the in interstitial spaces

Question 4

ascites

Answer 4

fluids accumulation in the peritoneal cavity

Question 5

acidosis

Answer 5

decreased pH of the blood

Question 6

hyperkalemia

Answer 6

elevated potassium concentration in the blood

Question 7

the osmolality of the intracellular fluid normally is ___ the extracellular fluid because water crosses cell membranes ___ through aquaporins.
A: higher than
B: the same as
C: lower than
D: with difficulty
F: freely

Answer 7

B the same as
F: freely

Question 8

_____ is primarily responsible for plasma oncotic pressure.
A: Sodium
B: Albumin

Answer 8

B:albumin

Question 9

Thirst prompts fluid intake through the action of ______ located in the ___.
A: baroreceptors
B: osmoreceptors
C: hypothalamus
D: posterior pituitary

Answer 9

B: osmoreceptors
C: hypothalamus

Question 10

Isotonic fluid excess causes _____.
A: hypernatremia
B: hypervolemia

Answer 10

B: hypervolemia

Question 11

Renal compensation for an acid-base balance is ___; pulmonary compensation for an acid-base balance is ___.
A: Fast
B: Slow
C: Fast
D: Slow

Answer 11

B: Slow
C: Fast

Question 12

Fluid moves out of capillaries by ___and into or out of cells by ____.
A: osmosis
B: filtration
C: osmosis
D: filtration

Answer 12

B: filtration
C: osmosis

Question 13

Hypercapnia means an excess of ____ in the blood.
A: metabolic acid
B: carbon dioxide

Answer 13

B: carbon dioxide

Question 14

The most dangerous effect of hyperkalemia is its action on the ____.
A: kidneys
B: heart

Answer 14

B: heart