The cells of the nervous system

Question 1

Microtubules

Answer 1

Form long scaffolds that extend from one end of a neuron to the other. Maintain cell shape

• Structured of protofilaments
• Stabilized by MAPs
• Polarized with - end toward cell body + end toward synapse

Question 2

Neurofilaments

Answer 2

Bones of the cytoskeleton

Most abundant in axons

Question 3

Microfilaments

Answer 3

2 strands of actin monomers in a double helix

Structure to hold signals and create functional areas

Question 4

Polymerization

Answer 4

Make longer

Question 5

Depolymerization

Answer 5

Make shorter

Question 6

Fast axonal transport

Answer 6

Carries membranous organelles along microtubules

Question 7

Slow axonal transport

Answer 7

Carries cytoskeleton proteins

Only travels in anteriograde direction

Question 8

Anteriograde fast transport

Answer 8

Away from cell body using Kinesin

Question 9

Retrograde fast transport

Answer 9

Toward cell body using MAP 1C

Question 10

Types of dendritic spines

Answer 10

Thin
Stubbly
Mushroom shaped

Question 11

Ependyma

Answer 11

Helps move around CSF

Question 12

Choroid Plexus

Answer 12

Continuous with ependyma

Filters plasma in blood to create CSF

Question 13

Astrocytes

Answer 13

Present in all areas of the brain
Form blood brain barrier
Regulate neurotransmitter concentration
Help stabilize synapse

Question 14

K+ buffering

Answer 14

Neuron releases potassium

Astrocytes take up excess potassium

Question 15

Microglia

Answer 15

Derived from bone marrow

WBC function in the brain