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Histology > The Cell Part IV > Flashcards

The Cell Part IV Flashcards

1
Q

2 FORMS OF CHROMATIN:

A
  1. HETEROCHROMATIN
  2. EUCHROMATIN
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2
Q

light microscope: basophilic clumps of nucleoprotein

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

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3
Q

electron microscope: dense granular clumps

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

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4
Q

concentrated at periphery of nucleus, around the nucleolus and scattered throughout the nucleoplasm

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

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5
Q

transcriptionally inactive

A

HETEROCHROMATIN

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6
Q

light microscope: lightly stained dispersed region of the nucleus

A

EUCHROMATIN

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7
Q

electron microscope: electron-lucent regions among heterochromatin

A

EUCHROMATIN

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8
Q

transcriptionally active

A

EUCHROMATIN

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9
Q

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

A
  1. INTERPHASE
  2. MITOSIS (M PHASE)
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10
Q

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

interval

A

INTERPHASE

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11
Q

2 Major periods of Cell Cycle:

period of cell division

A

MITOSIS (M PHASE)

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12
Q

longer than M phase

A

INTERPHASE

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13
Q

cell doubles in size and DNA content

A

INTERPHASE

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14
Q

What are the 3 interphase separate phases?

A

G1
S
G2

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15
Q

the gap phase just after mitosis

A

G1 [Gap 1]

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16
Q

when certain “trigger proteins” are synthesized enabling the cell to reach a threshold (restriction point) and proceed to the S phase

A

G1 [Gap 1]

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17
Q

lasts from a few hours to several days

A

G1 [Gap 1]

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18
Q

cell growth and protein synthesis occur, restoring daughter cells to normal volume and size

A

G1 [Gap 1]

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19
Q

synthetic phase

A

S PHASE

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20
Q

DNA replication and protein synthesis occur

A

S PHASE

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21
Q

resulting in duplication of the chromosomes

22
Q

period when centrioles are self-duplicated

23
Q

lasts 8-12 hours in most cells

24
Q

gap phase

A

G2 [Gap 2]

25
Q

follows the S phase and extends to mitosis

A

G2 [Gap 2]

26
Q

lasts 2-4 hours

A

G2 [Gap 2]

27
Q

cell prepares to divide

A

G2 [Gap 2]

28
Q

centrioles grow to maturity

A

G2 [Gap 2]

29
Q

energy required for the completion of mitosis is stored

A

G2 [Gap 2]

30
Q

RNA and proteins necessary for mitosis are synthesized

A

G2 [Gap 2]

31
Q

follows the G2 phase

32
Q

completes the cell cycle

33
Q

Mitosis involves:

A

KARYOKINESIS
CYTOKINESIS

34
Q

4 major stages of mitosis:

A

prophase
anaphase
metaphase
telophase

35
Q

division of the nucleus

A

KARYOKINESIS

36
Q

division of the cytoplasm resulting in the production of two identical daughter cell

A

CYTOKINESIS

37
Q

last 1-3 hours

38
Q

chromosomes condense and become rod-like

39
Q

centrioles are forming asters

40
Q

nucleus and nuclear envelope disappear

41
Q

condensed chromosomes are aligned at the equatorial plate of the mitotic spindle

42
Q

chromatids separate at the centromere

43
Q

daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

44
Q

elongation of the spindle

45
Q

formation of the cleavage furrow [due to contraction of a band of actin filaments called the contractile ring.

46
Q

deepening of the cleavage furrow which leaves the midbody (containing overlapping polar microtubules) b/w daughter cells

47
Q

facilitating the completion of cytokinesis and formation of 2 identical daughter cells

48
Q

reformation of the nuclear envelope

49
Q

reappearance of nucleoli

50
Q

completed when daughter cells enlarged and dense chromosomes disperse in interphase

Histology (7 decks)

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