The Cell in Action Flashcards

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1
Q

the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density

A

diffusion

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2
Q

the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane

A

osmosis

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3
Q

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

A

passive transport

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4
Q

the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy

A

active transport

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5
Q

the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell

A

endocytosis

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6
Q

the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle and then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane

A

exocytosis

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7
Q

the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food

A

photosynthesis

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8
Q

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food

A

cellular respiration

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9
Q

the breakdown of food without use of oxygen

A

fermentation

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10
Q

the life cycle of a cell

A

cell cycle

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11
Q

in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made u of DNA and protein, in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA

A

chromosome

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12
Q

chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

A

homologous chromosomes

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13
Q

in a eukaryotic cell, a process to cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes

A

mitosis

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14
Q

the division of the cytoplasm of a cell

A

cytokinesis

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