The cell cycle Flashcards
what are the three stages of the cell cycle?
interphase
nuclear division
cell division
what stage occupies the most of the cell cycle?
interphase
what are the tree parts of interphase?
- 1st growth G1
- Synthesis
- 2nd growth G2
what happens during G1?
proteins, from which cell organelles are synthesised, are produced
what happens during synthesis?
DNA is replicated
what happens during G2?
organelles grown and divide and energy stores are increased
what happens in nuclear division?
the nucleus divides into either 2 or 4
what happens during cell division>
following nuclear division the WHOLE CELL divides into 2 or 4
what is the typical length of a mammalian cell cycle?
24 hours, 90% is interphase
what is cancer?
a group of diseases caused by a growth disorder of cells
it is the result of damage to the GENES that regulate MITOSIS and the CELL CYCLE
what does the treatment of cancer often involve?
blocking some part of the cell cycle
how do drugs that treat cancer disrupt the cell cycle?
- prevent DNA from replicating
- inhibiting the METAPHASE stage of mitosis (interfere spindle formation)
what is a problem of drugs that treat cancer by disrupting the cell cycle?
they also disrupt the cell cycle of normal cells
why do the drugs damage cancer cells at a higher rate than normal cells?
cancer cells have a particularly faster rate of division so are damaged to a higher degree than normal cells
which body cells are most vulnerable to damage by cancer drugs?
body cells that divide rapidly e.g. hair-producing cells
