The cell cycle

Question 1

The purpose of cell division is for..

Answer 1

• growth
• maintenance
• repair

Question 2

What is chromatin?

Answer 2

• uncoiled DNA
• almost always this form
• needs to be uncoiled to be “read” for cellular functions

Question 3

What are chromosomes?

Answer 3

• coiled DNA
• in this form during cell division only
• makes division easier (not tangled)

Question 4

What are the steps of the cell cycle?

Answer 4

Interphase
- G1, S, G2

Mitosis
- PMAT (Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)

Cytokinesis

Question 5

What is a centromere?

Answer 5

• where the DNA is divided (middle)

Question 6

Interphase

Answer 6

• majority of cells time
• basic cellular functions take place (like growth)
• makes copy of organelles and DNA during this
• DNA in chromatin form

Question 7

Prophase

Answer 7

• DNA shortens and thickens to create chromosomes
• nuclear membrane disappears
• centrioles form and move to poles

Question 8

Metaphase

Answer 8

• spindle fibres attach to chromosomes
• fingers pull chromosomes to align with equator

Question 9

Anaphase

Answer 9

• spindle fingers pull DNA to both poles (half and half split)

Question 10

Telophase

Answer 10

• chromosomes reach poles
• nuclear membranes start reforming

Question 11

Cytokinesis

Answer 11

• separation of both cells fully
  Animal
• pinches inward to create furrow
• continues until full separation
  plant
• forms cell plate in middle of cell

Question 12

What is G1 phase?

Answer 12

Growth 1
- makes new proteins and organelles

Question 13

What are the stages of interphase?

Answer 13

G1, S, G2

Question 14

What is S phase?

Answer 14

DNA Replication
- Makes extra DNA copy

Question 15

What is the G2 phase?

Answer 15

Growth 2
- cells grow further and prepare for mitosis