The Cell Cycle Flashcards
what does mitosis produce
2 genetically identical DIPOLOID daughter cells
what does meiosis produce
4 genetically non-identical daughter cells - HAPLOID daughter cells (gametes )
Is mitosis asexual or sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
What are the three stages in interphase
G1- Cell elongates and new organelles and proteins are made
S (synthesis)- cell replicates its DNA
G2- cell keeps elongating and proteins needed for cell division are made
what is cytokinesis
the final stage where the cytoplasm divides and two separate genetically identical daughter cells are formed
what are the stages of mitosis
Prophase ,Metaphase ,Anaphase ,Telophase
what are the two strands that make up a chromosome called
chromatids
what joins chromatids together
centromere
what happens during prophase
Chromosomes CONDENSE and become visible (not visible in interphase )
Nucleolus disappear and nuclear envelope begins to break down
Centrioles move to opposite poles of cell - centrioles produce spindle fibres
what happens during metaphase
Nuclear membrane has disappeared
Spindle fibres attach to centromere
Chromosomes pulled to the middle / equator where they line up
What happens during anaphase
Spindle fibres contract
Centromere of each chromosome SPLITS
pulled to opposite side of cell
One chromatid on each side
What happens during telophase
Nuclear envelope comes back
Spindle fibre disappears
Chromosomes uncoil
Cytoplasm divides = two new genetically identical daughter cells
