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SCT1 Physiology Module 1 > The Cell > Flashcards

The Cell Flashcards

1
Q

The plasma membrane is a ___________, sturdy barrier surrounding the cell contents, separating it from the external environment.

A

FLEXIBLE

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2
Q

What is it that plasma membranes contain which identify the cell, strengthen the membrane, and move substances in and out of the cell?

A

MEMBRANE PROTEINS

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3
Q

What is the term, regarding the plasma membrane, which is defined as - it allows some substances to pass through, and not others?

A

SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

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4
Q

The plasma membrane is involved in _____________ between cells, and between cells and their environment.

A

COMMUNICATION

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5
Q

The regulated fluid inside the cell is called?

A

INTRACELLULAR FLUID
aka
CYTOSOL

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6
Q

What is the fluid outside the cell called?

A

EXTRACELLULAR FLUID

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7
Q

Interstitial fluid (between cells), plasma (in blood vessels), and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord are all examples of which type of fluid?

A

EXTRACELLULAR FLUID

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8
Q

Membrane proteins are attached inside or outside one side of the membrane or _________ _________ the membrane.

A

EMBEDDED WITHIN

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9
Q

Embedded membrane proteins have selective __________ that approve/move molecules from one side of the membrane to the other.

A

CHANNELS

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10
Q

Membrane proteins identify the cell, strengthen and support cell membranes and _________ with adjacent cell membranes.

A

CONNECT

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11
Q

What is the name of the finger like projections of the plasma membrane, which function to increase surface area?

A

MICROVILLI

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12
Q

The entirety of the contents of the cell (intracellular fluid/cytosol and organelles) is refferred to as what?

A

CYTOPLASM

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13
Q

What are the 2 functions of the cytoplasm?

A

CELL METABOLISM
+
STORAGE

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14
Q

Name the structure not considered part of the cytoplasm?

A

NUCLEUS

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15
Q

Where does the formation of ATP (glycolosis) occur?

A

CYTOPLASM

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16
Q

What is the network of protein filaments within the cytosol called?

A

CYTOSKELETON

17
Q

Name the 4 functions of the cytoskeleton?

A
  1. PROVIDES A STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK
  2. SCAFFOLD FOR ORGANIZATION/PLACEMENT AND MOVEMENT OF CELL CONTENTS
  3. FORCE TRANSMISSION
  4. AIDS IN CELL MOVEMENT
18
Q

Name the 9 organelles.

HINT: N, R, ER, SER, GC, L, M, C, F

A 
NUCLEUS
RIBOSOMES
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
GOLGI COMPLEX
LYSOSOME
MITOCHONDRIA
CILIA
FLAGELLA
19
Q

Name the rounded or elongated structure usually located near the centre of the cell?

A

NUCLEUS

pleural - NUCLEI

20
Q

The nucleus, the control centre of the cell, is responsible for which functions of the cell?

A 
METABOLISM
\+
GROWTH
\+
REPRODUCTION
21
Q

Which organelle is present in all human cells except for red blood cells?

A

NUCLEUS

without nucleus, cells have short lives

22
Q

Which type of cell continually reproduces, without a nucleus?

A

RED BLOOD CELLS

23
Q

Which two organelle’s functions is protein synthesis?

A

RIBOSOMES
+
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

24
Q

Which organelle processes, sorts, packages, and delivers molecules to the plasma membrane or around the cell?

A

GOLGI COMPLEX
aka
APPARATUS, BODY

25
Q

Which organelle breaks down substances that the cell has taken in, or normal parts of the cell which are damaged?

A

LYSOSOME

26
Q

Which organelle transforms organic compounds into energy (ATP) that is easily accessible to the cell?

A

MITOCHONDRIA

singular - MITOCHONDRIUM

27
Q

What does the amount of mitochondria in a cell depend on?

A

CELLS PURPOSE

28
Q

Why do muscle cells have lots of mitochondria

A

VERY ACTIVE CELLS

need ATP

29
Q

Short, hair-like projections extending from the surface of the cell are known as?

A

CILIA

singular - CILIUM

30
Q

Movement of the cilia causes steady movement of fluid/particles along the ______ ________.

A

CELL SURFACE

31
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Cilia are thinner, longer, and pointier than microvilli.

A

TRUE

32
Q

Which organelle is a tail similar to cilium but longer, which function to move the cell?

A

FLAGELLA
(example sperm)

singular - FLAGELLUM

33
Q

Energy substrates are anything the body uses to form _____.

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

ATP

SCT1 Physiology Module 1 (16 decks)

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