The Cell

Question 1

Spontaneous generation?

Answer 1

Belief that living things came from abiotic things

ex: sweaty underwear, wheat and corn to mice

Question 2

What is the Cell theory?

Answer 2

Allows to make predictions, all long things are made out of cells and all plants and animals have cells

Question 3

Function of cell membrane?

Answer 3

Controls what goes in and out of cells and protects whole cell

Question 4

Function of nucleus?

Answer 4

Brain of the cell, controls the whole cell and contains all the DNA

Question 5

Function of cell wall?

Answer 5

Protects the cell and cell membrane

Question 6

Function of ribosomes?

Answer 6

Makes proteins

Question 7

Function of Golgi body?

Answer 7

Packages stuff(chemicals) and exports it OUT of the cell

Question 8

Function of Rough ER and Smooth ER?

Answer 8

Packages proteins and other chemicals and transports things IN the cell
SMOOTH ER SAME NO RIBOSOMES

Question 9

Function of vacuole?

Answer 9

Stores stuff and water

Question 10

Function of lysosomes?

Answer 10

Digests worn out organelles

Question 11

Prokaryotes?

Answer 11

No nucleus, very simple and is bacteria etc

Question 12

Eukaryotes?

Answer 12

Has a nucleus, more complex and animals, plants, protists and fungi

Question 13

Animal cell characteristics?

Answer 13

Blobish, no cell wall, chloroplast or large vacuole

Question 14

Plant cell characteristics?

Answer 14

Cell wall, has chloroplast, large vacuole and geometric shapes

Question 15

Nose piece?

Answer 15

Low power (4x)
medium power (10x)
high power (40x)

Question 16

Field of View?

Answer 16

Demonstration of how this changes with objective used

Question 17

Low, medium and high power FOV?

Answer 17

4.5,2,.45

Question 18

Mitosis steps?

Answer 18

Interphase,Prophase,Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis

Question 19

Prophase?

Answer 19

original cell, DNA doubles and nucleus disappears

Question 20

Metaphase?

Answer 20

original cell, DNA lines up

Question 21

Anaphase?

Answer 21

original cell and DNA is pulled to sides

Question 22

Telophase?

Answer 22

original cell splits and DNA settles near sides and nuclei appears

Question 23

Cytokinesis?

Answer 23

one new cell and one daughter cell

Question 24

What is mitosis?

Answer 24

growth and repair of cells in all multi-cellular creatures and the main source of reproduction in single celled organisms

Question 25

What is diffusion?

Answer 25

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration, no energy or ATP is needed, moves through holes and are small and neutral

Question 26

what is concentration?

Answer 26

amount of "stuff" in a specific area

Question 27

Transfer proteins?

Answer 27

transfer big/charged stuff

Question 28

Marker proteins?

Answer 28

Identification

Question 29

What a plasma membrane made of?

Answer 29

Lipid Phosphate Lipid

Question 30

What happens if a small and charged molecule is trying to get through the small holes?

Answer 30

It will bounce off so it needs to use energy to go through the transfer proteins

Question 31

Passive Transport?

Answer 31

high to low, diffusion is passive transport and no ATP

Question 32

Active Transport?

Answer 32

low to high, needs ATP and goes through a transfer protein with ATP

Question 33

Facilitated Diffusion?

Answer 33

movement from high to low moves through transfer protein, charged of big, no ATP

Question 34

Osmosis?

Answer 34

diffusion of water, no ATP and high to low

Question 35

Concentration gradient?

Answer 35

situation where there is a LOT of something next to an area where there is a lot less of that same thing

Question 36

Cellular respiration formula?

Answer 36

C6H12O6 burns to 6CO2+6H2O+~38 ATP

Question 37

What are the 4 stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 37

Glycolysis, Transition Reaction, Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

Question 38

Abiotic?

Answer 38

Nonliving, is not alive in past, present or future and goes back to its original elements

Question 39

Glycolysis?

Answer 39

broken in half making tow new compounds and 2 ATP for every glucose

Question 40

Transition Reaction?

Answer 40

new compounds from glucose are put in mitochondria and connected together and make hugs compounds full of hydrogen

Question 41

Krebs Cycle?

Answer 41

presence of O2 all hydrogen are broken off the huge molecules to get electrons to make ATP and all is left is water and CO2 and a lot of NADH makes 4 ATP

Question 42

Electron Transport Chain?

Answer 42

electrons from H2 are carried by NADH passed down an electron transport chain which make 32 ATP for every glucose