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Science > The Cell > Flashcards

The Cell Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Spontaneous generation?

A

Belief that living things came from abiotic things

ex: sweaty underwear, wheat and corn to mice

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2
Q

What is the Cell theory?

A

Allows to make predictions, all long things are made out of cells and all plants and animals have cells

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3
Q

Function of cell membrane?

A

Controls what goes in and out of cells and protects whole cell

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4
Q

Function of nucleus?

A

Brain of the cell, controls the whole cell and contains all the DNA

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5
Q

Function of cell wall?

A

Protects the cell and cell membrane

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6
Q

Function of ribosomes?

A

Makes proteins

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7
Q

Function of Golgi body?

A

Packages stuff(chemicals) and exports it OUT of the cell

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8
Q

Function of Rough ER and Smooth ER?

A

Packages proteins and other chemicals and transports things IN the cell
SMOOTH ER SAME NO RIBOSOMES

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9
Q

Function of vacuole?

A

Stores stuff and water

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10
Q

Function of lysosomes?

A

Digests worn out organelles

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11
Q

Prokaryotes?

A

No nucleus, very simple and is bacteria etc

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12
Q

Eukaryotes?

A

Has a nucleus, more complex and animals, plants, protists and fungi

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13
Q

Animal cell characteristics?

A

Blobish, no cell wall, chloroplast or large vacuole

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14
Q

Plant cell characteristics?

A

Cell wall, has chloroplast, large vacuole and geometric shapes

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15
Q

Nose piece?

A 
Low power (4x)
medium power (10x)
high power (40x)
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16
Q

Field of View?

A

Demonstration of how this changes with objective used

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17
Q

Low, medium and high power FOV?

A

4.5,2,.45

18
Q

Mitosis steps?

A

Interphase,Prophase,Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis

19
Q

Prophase?

A

original cell, DNA doubles and nucleus disappears

20
Q

Metaphase?

A

original cell, DNA lines up

21
Q

Anaphase?

A

original cell and DNA is pulled to sides

22
Q

Telophase?

A

original cell splits and DNA settles near sides and nuclei appears

23
Q

Cytokinesis?

A

one new cell and one daughter cell

24
Q

What is mitosis?

A

growth and repair of cells in all multi-cellular creatures and the main source of reproduction in single celled organisms

25
Q

What is diffusion?

A

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration, no energy or ATP is needed, moves through holes and are small and neutral

26
Q

what is concentration?

A

amount of “stuff” in a specific area

27
Q

Transfer proteins?

A

transfer big/charged stuff

28
Q

Marker proteins?

A

Identification

29
Q

What a plasma membrane made of?

A

Lipid
Phosphate
Lipid

30
Q

What happens if a small and charged molecule is trying to get through the small holes?

A

It will bounce off so it needs to use energy to go through the transfer proteins

31
Q

Passive Transport?

A

high to low, diffusion is passive transport and no ATP

32
Q

Active Transport?

A

low to high, needs ATP and goes through a transfer protein with ATP

33
Q

Facilitated Diffusion?

A

movement from high to low moves through transfer protein, charged of big, no ATP

34
Q

Osmosis?

A

diffusion of water, no ATP and high to low

35
Q

Concentration gradient?

A

situation where there is a LOT of something next to an area where there is a lot less of that same thing

36
Q

Cellular respiration formula?

A

C6H12O6 burns to 6CO2+6H2O+~38 ATP

37
Q

What are the 4 stages of cellular respiration?

A

Glycolysis, Transition Reaction, Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

38
Q

Abiotic?

A

Nonliving, is not alive in past, present or future and goes back to its original elements

39
Q

Glycolysis?

A

broken in half making tow new compounds and 2 ATP for every glucose

40
Q

Transition Reaction?

A

new compounds from glucose are put in mitochondria and connected together and make hugs compounds full of hydrogen

41
Q

Krebs Cycle?

A

presence of O2 all hydrogen are broken off the huge molecules to get electrons to make ATP and all is left is water and CO2 and a lot of NADH makes 4 ATP

42
Q

Electron Transport Chain?

A

electrons from H2 are carried by NADH passed down an electron transport chain which make 32 ATP for every glucose

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