The Cell Flashcards
In 1665 he used a microscope to examine a thin slice dead plant cells look like small boxes
Robert hooke
He is the dutch microscope maker
Anton van leeuwenhoek
He was the one reason that all cells come from other pre-existing cells by cell division
Rudolf virchow
Basic structural and functional units of all multicellular organisms
Cells
The processes of cell
Protection
ingestion
digestion
absorption of metabolites
waste elimination
movement
reproduction
death
The first cells
Cells that lock a nucleus or membrane bound organelles and this is the simplest type of cell
Prokaryotes
Cells that have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotes
Three basic cell structures
Nucleus cell
membrane
cytoplasm with organelles
Two major components of a cell
Cytoplasm and nucleus
Part of the cell located outside the nucleus that contains organelles and inclusions with a cytoplasmic matrix
Cytoplasm
Largest organelle with the cell containing enzymes for dna replication and rna transcription
Nucleus
Membranous organelles
Plasma membrane
Endosomes
lysosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
mitochondria
peroxisomes
Transport ions
Pumps
Passage of ions
Channels
Allows recognition and binding of ligands
Receptor
Passage of uncharged molecules across the plasma membrane
Simple diffusion
Short and recycle chons delivered via endocytotic vesicles
Endosomes
Small organelles with digestive enzymes also digest the cell own obsolete parts
Lysosomes
Common lsds
Tay sach disease
Gauchers disease
Niemann pick dse
A region of er involved in lipid and steroid synthesis and are not associated with ribosomes
Smooth surface endoplasmic reticulum
Clinical pathologic significance of ser
Neurodegeneration atherosclerosis type 2 diabetes liver disease
cancer
A membranous organelle composed of multiple flattened for networks responsible for modifying sorting and packaging chon and lipids
Golgi apparatus
Clinical pathologic a significance of golgi apparatus
Alzheimer’s disease
parkinson’s disease
huntington’s disease
Decide whether the cell lives or dice through apoptosis due to their capability of sensing cellular stress
Mitochondria
What is apoptosis
It is the program cell death
Clinical pathologic significance of mitochondria
Cardiomyopathy
sensoryneural tiffness
Small organelles involved in the production and degradation of h202 and fatty acid, seen liver cells
Peroxisomes
Clinical pathology significance of peroxisomes
Zelleweger syndrome
neonatal adrenal leucodystrophy
Non-membranous
Microtubules
filaments centrioles
ribosomes
Together with acting and intermediate filaments form the cytoskeleton
Microtubules
Clinical pathology of microtubules
Cartagener syndrome
male sterility
female infertility
Brownish gold pigment on h and e prep
Lipofuscin
Deep brown granule iron storage complex within the cellular cytoplasm
Hemosiderin
Highly branch polymer used as a storage material for glucose
Glycogen
Nutritive inclusions that provide energy for cellular metabolism
Lipid inclusions
Found in sertoli and leydig cells in testis
Crystalline inclusions
Concentrated aqueous child consisting of molecules of different sizes and shape
Cytoplasmic matrix
