The Cell Flashcards
What are cells composed of?
Cells are composed of macromolecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
Cells contain water - 70 to 85 percent
Water cells contain ions: sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc.
What are the basic processes of cells
Transport, communication, and cell reproduction
Name the animal components
Cytoplasm, nucleus, plasma membrane
Describe the plasma membrane
It surrounds the cell, separates the ICF (cytosol) from the ECF
What does the cytoplasm consist of?
Cytosol, organelles, and cytoskeleton
What is cytosol?
The aqueous component of the cytoplasm of the cell
What is an organelle
Small organs that perform specific functions
What is cytoskeleton?
A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in many living cells, giving them shape and coherence
Describe the endoplasmic reticulum
-An organelle
-Acts as a transport system
-The smooth ER produces lipids
-Thr rough ER produces ribosomes
Describe the golgi apparatus
-An organelle
-Packages and delivers proteins
-Proteins are exported by the vesicles
Describe mitochondria
-An organelle
-Powerhouse of the cell
-Produces ATP (energy)
What does the lysosome do
-Contains digestive enzymes to break down substances
-Responsible for digestion
What does the centrosome do
It creates a spindle during cell divison
What does the vesicles do
It packages and exports substances
Describe Microfilaments and microtubules
It is the cell skeleton (cytoskeleton) that maintains the shape and structure of the cell
