The Cell 1.1

Question 1

The human body contains approximately

Answer 1

37 trillion cells, with bacterial cells outnumbering the eukaryotic cells by about 10 to 1

Question 2

All cells create

Answer 2

Tissues that form organs, and each cell service of purpose, communicating and caring out the reactions that make life possible

Question 3

Prior to the 1600s, organisms were perceived as

Answer 3

Being complete and inseparable into smaller parts, this was due in part to the inability to see smaller structures through simple optical instruments like magnifying glasses

Question 4

In 1665, Robert Hooke assembled

Answer 4

• A crude compound microscope and tested its properties on a piece of cork
• he noticed the honeycomb like structure and compared the spaces within the cork to the small rooms of a monastery, known as cells
• Because cork consists of desiccated nonliving cells, Hooke was not able to see nuclei, organelles, or cell membranes

Question 5

In 1674, Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to view

Answer 5

A living cell under a microscope

• later researchers noted that cells could be separated and that each cell was a distinct structure.
• Further research indicated that tissues were made of cells in the function of the tissues depending upon the function of the cells that make up the tissue

Question 6

In 1850, Rudolph Virchow demonstrated that

Answer 6

Disease cells could arise from normal cells in normal tissues

Question 7

The original form of the cell theory consisted of three basic tenets

Answer 7

1. All living things are composed of cells
2. The cell is the basic functional unit of life
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells

Question 8

Through advances in molecular biology, fourth tenet has been added to the theory, which is

Answer 8

Cells carry genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This genetic material is passed on from parent to daughter cell

Question 9

Viruses are

Answer 9

Small structures that contain genetic material, but are unable to reproduce on their own

Question 10

Viruses violate

Answer 10

The third and fourth tenets of the cell theory because virions can only replicate by invading other organisms because they may use ribonucleic acid (RNA) as their genetic information

Question 11

Viruses are not considered

Answer 11

Living organisms