The Cardiovascular System and Blood

Question 1

What is the Cardiovascular System?

Answer 1

art,

2) the vessels, and 3) the blood.

Question 2

What do the arteries do ?

Answer 2

, nutrients from the digestive system,
hormones from the endocrine system, oxygen
from the lungs, and other needed substances
(drugs, etc.) are delivered to the cells.

Question 3

What do the cells do ?

Answer 3

use each element for its unique purpose and
then excretes waste products back into the
blood

Question 4

What does the heart do?

Answer 4

pumps the blood through the
veins back to the lungs and kidneys where
carbon dioxide and waste products are excreted
from the body, respectively

Question 5

What kind of nervous system does the heart have?

Answer 5

It has its own nervous system that
continuously, without voluntary control,
initiates and propagates an electrical impulse
through the heart’s electrical conduction
system

Question 6

What is the hearts electrical conduction system?

Answer 6

SA node, AV node, bundle of His, and

Purkinji fibers

Question 7

What is the SA node ?

Answer 7

Normal pacemaker of the heart.

Question 8

How does the electrical stimulation make the heart work?

Answer 8

First atrial chambers contract forcing blood from the atrial to the ventricles, from the ventricles contracting forcing blood out of the aorta to the body or the lungs. The lungs then pull in oxygen from the environment and load the blood to create oxygenated blood, which the heart then pumps oxygenated blood through the body.

Question 9

what are the valves that keep the blood from backing up in the previous chambers& vessels

Answer 9

mitral

valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, aortic valve

Question 10

How is the blood brought back to the heart?

Answer 10

Oxygen is brought to the
heart via coronary arteries while carbon dioxide waste is
pumped out of the heart tissue via coronary veins

Question 11

what is the foundation of a heart attack(myocardial infraction)?

Answer 11

If the coronary arteries are clogged the tissue it supplies dies

Question 12

What does damage to the heart muscle cause ?

Answer 12

arrhythmias, or

disorders of the electrical conduction through the heart

Question 13

what does the hepatic artery and vein do?

Answer 13

bring blood to and from the liver

Question 14

what doe arteries do ?

Answer 14

bring blood away from the heart

Question 15

what doe the veins do ?

Answer 15

s bring

blood to the heart from the body

Question 16

how many liters of blood does the average person have?

Answer 16

Five liters of blood flowing

through the closed container of the vessels and heart

Question 17

What are the three kind of cells floating in plasma also called formed elements

Answer 17

1) erythrocytes (red blood cells), 2) leukocytes

(white blood cells), and 3) platelets

Question 18

where are bone cells formed?

Answer 18

formed in the red bone marrow of the bones

through hematopoiesis

Question 19

what are the primary functions of the cardiovascular system ?

Answer 19

the main function is to pump blood through the body by receiving oxygen from the lungs then pumping it to the cells then taking the carbon dioxide out of the body. the vessels serve as an important transport pathway.

Question 20

what are the primary functions of the blood ?

Answer 20

The plasma &erythrocytes are responsible for transporting substances throughout the body that are needed by the cells.
Erythrocytes in particular carry oxygen to
the cells and carbon dioxide wastes out of the cells. The leukocytes protect the body from a variety of
invading pathogens. Platelets are necessary for the blood clotting mechanism.

Question 21

What are the prefixes and suffixes associated with the cardiovascular system, including the
heart, vessels, and blood?

Answer 21

• Cardi (heart)
• Ology (study of)
• Itis (inflamation)

Question 22

What are the prefixes and suffixes associated with the cardiovascular system, including the
heart, vessels, and blood?

Answer 22

• Hem (blood)
• Angi (blood vessel)
• phleb (veins)
• aort (aorta)
• arteri (arteries)
• cardio (heart)

Question 23

What are common diseases, disorders, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic and surgical
procedures, and pharmacology terms associated with the cardiovascular system, including
the heart, vessels, and blood

Answer 23

Atherosclerosis
Heart attack
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral valve regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Angina pectoris
Arrhythmia and dysrhythmia
Cardiac Ischemia
High cholesterol
Heart failure
High blood pressure (hypertension)
Stroke
Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
Venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Aortic aneurysms

Question 24

What are the names ofthe arteries and veins in the body?

Answer 24

Arteries are the blood vessels of the body that carry blood away from the heart and to the organs and tissues of the body. The aorta is the largest artery in the body that exits the left ventricle of the heart. Main branches from the aorta include the brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. The subclavian arteries turn unto the brachial arteries as they pass through the upper arm which feed the radial and ulnar arteries. In the abdomen, the aorta gives rise to the renal arteries that feed the kidneys and the superior and inferior mesenteric that feed the large and small intestines. Towards the pelvis, the aorta bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries. The common iliac arteries divide into the internal iliac and external iliac artery. The external iliac artery is named the femoral artery once it passes out of the pelvis and named the popliteal artery when it travels behind the knee. The popliteal artery gives rise to the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 25

What are the terms associated with the different types of formed elements in the blood

Answer 25

The three classes of formed elements are the erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and the thrombocytes (platelets).