The Cardiac Cycle- Witwer

Question 1

The R side of the heart carries (dexoy blood or oxy blood) to the heart?

Answer 1

Deoxygenated (blue)

Question 2

The L side of the heart carries (dexoy blood or oxy blood) to the heart?

Answer 2

Oxygenated (red)

Question 3

Period of time between onset of atrial contraction (atrial systole) and ventricular relaxation (ventricular diastole) is called the ____________ cycle.

Answer 3

Cardiac

Question 4

_________ means the heart muscle is relaxed and the chambers are filling with blood

Answer 4

Diastole

Question 5

_________ means the heart muscle is contracting. It begins when contraction begins and ends when ejection of blood ceases.

Answer 5

Systole

Question 6

Atria contract and there is final ventricular filling. At end of diastole is referred to as what?

Answer 6

Atrial Systole

Question 7

Are these a part of systole or diastole?

1. Isovolumetric (Same Volume) Ventricular Contraction
2. Rapid Ventricular Ejection
3. Reduced Ventricular Ejection

Answer 7

Systole

Question 8

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describing?

Ventricles contract (systole begins), AV valves close (lub sound), ventricular pressure increases, ventricular volume remains constant, aortic and pulmonary valves remain closed.

Answer 8

Isovolumetric (Same Volume) Ventricular Contraction

Question 9

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describe?

Ventricles contract, ventricular pressure rises until greater than pressures in the Pulmonary Artery and Aorta. Blood ejected out of ventricles. Ventricular pressue reaches maximum. Ventricular volume decreases. Aortic Pressure increases and reaches maximum.

Answer 9

Rapid Ventricular Ejection

Question 10

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describing?

Ventricles eject blood into arteries at a slower rate. Ventricular volume reaches minimum. Aortic Pressure starts to fall as blood runs off into arteries.

Answer 10

Reduced Ventricular Ejection

Question 11

Are these a part of systole or diastole?

1. Isovolumetric (Same volume) Ventricular Relaxation
2. Rapid Ventricular Filling
3. Reduced Ventricular Filling (Diastasis)

Answer 11

Diastole

Question 12

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describe?

Ventricles relaxed, ventricular pressure decreases, ventricular volume constant. Pressure in aorta greater than ventricle and aortic valve closes - dub sound.

Answer 12

Isovolumetric (Same volume) Ventricular Relaxation

Question 13

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describing?

Ventricles relaxed, ventricles fill passively with blood from atria, ventricular volume increases, ventricular pressure low and constant

Answer 13

Rapid Ventricular Filling

Question 14

What part of the cardiac cycle does this describing?

Ventricles relaxed, final phase of ventricular filling.

Answer 14

Reduced Ventricular Filling (Diastasis)

Question 15

When the AV valves close, what sound do we hear?

Answer 15

“Lub” refers to S1

Question 16

When the semilunar pulmonary and aortic valves close, what sound do we hear?

Answer 16

“Dub” refers to S2

Question 17

Called preload, the amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of atrial systole just prior to ventricular contraction

Answer 17

EDV End Diastolic Volume

Question 18

Amount of blood remaining in each ventricle following systole

Answer 18

ESV End Systolic Volume

Question 19

Second phase of ventricular systole during which blood is pumped from the ventricle

Answer 19

Ventricular Ejection Phase

Question 20

Volume of blood pumped out of a ventricle in one beat, typically is 70ml (range 55 to 100ml).

Answer 20

Stroke Volume (SV)

Question 21

Number of beats/min, typically 60-100bpm

Answer 21

Heart Rate

Question 22

This type of HR is less than 60 bpm

Answer 22

Bradycardia (slow HR)

Question 23

This type of HR is greater than 100 bpm

Answer 23

Tachycardia (fast)

Question 24

This type of HR is means an irregular rhythm

Answer 24

Arrhythmia

Question 25

How do you calculate cardiac output?

Answer 25

SV times HR

Question 26

Volume of blood in the ventricle at the end load or filling in (diastole), the amount of blood in ventricle just before systole. Typical value 120ml, range 65 to 240 ml

Answer 26

End Diastolic Volume (EDV)

Question 27

Volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of contraction –systole – at the beginning of filling. Typical value 50 ml, range 16 to 143 ml.

Answer 27

End Systolic Volume (ESV)

Question 28

How do you calculate the stroke volume (SV)?

Answer 28

EDV minus the ESV

Question 29

The volumetric fraction of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each heart beat or cardiac cycle. Normally this is 58%, with the range of 55 to 70%.

Answer 29

Ejection Fraction