The Carbon Cycle

Question 1

Second most abundant element in living organisms.

Answer 1

Carbon

Question 2

Present in all
organic molecules, and its role in the structure of macromolecules is of primary importance to
living organisms.

Answer 2

Carbon

Question 3

Carbon compounds contain especially high energy, particularly those derived
from fossilized organisms, mainly plants, which humans use as ____

Answer 3

Fuel (kung tama k yes na yes for u!)

Question 4

Since the 1800s, the
number of countries using massive amounts of fossil fuels has increased. Since the beginning
of the ______ Revolution, global demand for the Earth’s limited fossil fuel supplies has risen;
therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere has increased.

Answer 4

Industrial

Question 5

It is based on how much carbon dioxide is produced and how much fossil fuel countries consume.

Answer 5

Carbon Footprint

Question 6

The carbon cycle is most easily studied as two interconnected sub-cycles:

Answer 6

• one dealing with rapid carbon exchange among living organisms
• the long-term cycling of carbon through geologic processes.

Question 7

True or False: Carbon dioxide gas exists in the atmosphere and is dissolved in water.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or False: Carbon dioxide gas exists in the atmosphere and is dissolved in water.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

This converts carbon dioxide gas
to organic carbon, and respiration cycles the organic carbon back into carbon dioxide gas.

Answer 9

Photosynthesis

Question 10

Storage of organic
carbon occurs when matter from living organisms is buried deep underground and becomes fossilized.

Answer 10

Long term

Question 11

Two activities that bring this stored carbon back into the carbon cycle.

Answer 11

Volcanic activity and Human emissions

Question 12

Living organisms are connected in many ways, even between ecosystems. A good example of
this connection is the exchange of carbon between _______ and ______ within and
between ecosystems by way of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Answer 12

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Question 13

Is the basic building block that most autotrophs use to build multi-carbon, high energy compounds, such
as glucose.

Answer 13

Carbon Dioxide

Question 14

Carbon Dioxide is the basic building block that most autotrophs use to build multi-carbon, high energy compounds, such as _____.

Answer 14

Glucose

Question 15

The energy harnessed from the sun is used by these organisms to form the ______ bonds that link carbon atoms together. These chemical bonds thereby store this
energy for later use in the process of respiration.

Answer 15

Covalent

Question 16

True or False: Most terrestrial autotrophs obtain their carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere, while marine autotrophs acquire it in the
dissolved form

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Dissolved form of Carbon dioxide

Answer 17

(carbonic acid, H2CO3−).

Question 18

What element is the by products of the carbon dioxide acquired

Answer 18

Oxygen

Question 19

The photosynthetic organisms are responsible for depositing
approximately ___ percent oxygen content of the atmosphere that we observe today.

Answer 19

21

Question 20

Partners in biological carbon exchange (especially the
primary consumers, largely herbivores).

Answer 20

Heterotrophs and autotrophs

Question 21

______ acquire the high-energy carbon compounds from the autotrophs by consuming them, and breaking them down by respiration to obtain cellular energy, such as ATP.

Answer 21

Heterothrophs

Question 22

The most efficient type of respiration, _______
__________, requires oxygen obtained from the atmosphere or dissolved in water.

Answer 22

Aerobic Respiration

Question 23

True or False: Gas exchange through the atmosphere and water is one way that the carbon cycle connects all living organisms on Earth.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Carbon is stored for long periods in what are known as ______ _______, which include the atmosphere, bodies of liquid water (mostly oceans), ocean sediment, soil, land sediments (including fossil fuels), and the Earth’s interior.

Answer 24

Carbon Reservoirs

Question 25

True or False: The level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is greatly influenced by the reservoir of carbon in the oceans.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The equilibrium coefficients are such that more than 90 percent of the carbon in the ocean is
found as ______ ions.

Answer 26

Bicarbonate ions, tandaan mo 90 ang nasa dagat

Question 27

Figure 5 page 6 tandaan mo

Answer 27

ung bicarbonate chuchu better to be safe beh

Question 28

Over geologic time, the calcium carbonate
forms __________, which comprises the largest carbon reservoir on Earth.

Answer 28

Limestone

Question 29

Are considered a non-renewable resource because their use far exceeds their rate
of formation.

Answer 29

Fossil Fuels

Question 30

True or False: Another way for carbon to enter the atmosphere is from land (including land beneath the surface of the ocean) by the eruption of volcanoes and other geothermal systems.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

True or False: Another way for carbon to enter the atmosphere is from land (including land beneath the surface of the ocean) by the eruption of volcanoes and other geothermal systems.

Answer 31

True