The Brain Stem, Cerebellar Functions and Ventricles

Question 1

Brainstem is comprised of what?

Answer 1

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

Question 2

The brainstems 3 general functions

Answer 2

1. Receives sensory information from cranial structures and controls muscle of the head.
2. Is a conduit for information flow because ascending sensory and descending sensory motor tracts travel through it.
3. Nuclei in the brain stem integrate information from a variety of sources for arousal and other higher brain functions.

Question 3

Medulla Functions

Answer 3

Participate in blood pressure and respiratory regulatory mechanisms.

Question 4

Pons and Midbrain

Answer 4

Both play a key role in the control of eye movement.

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Regulates eye and limb movements and maintains posture and balance.

Question 6

Thalamus

Answer 6

A key structure in transmitting information to the cerebral hemispheres. Neurons in separate thalamic nuclei transmit information to different cortical areas.

Question 7

Hypothalamas

Answer 7

Controls endocrine hormone release from the pituitary gland and the overall functions of the ANS

Question 8

Cerebral Hemispheres 4 major components?

Answer 8

Cerebral Cortex (cortical Mantle)
Hippocampal Formation
Amygdala
Basal Ganglia

Question 9

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex

Answer 9

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

Question 10

Functions of the frontal lobe?

Answer 10

Diverse behvioral functions, from thoughts to action, cognition and emotions.

Question 11

Functions of the Precentral Gyrus

Answer 11

Primary motor cortex, which participates in controlling the mechanical actions of movements.

Question 12

Functions of the Parietal Lobe?

Answer 12

Mediates our perceptions of touch, pain and limb position.

Question 13

Postcentral Gyrus Functions?

Answer 13

Primary sensory cortex.

Question 14

Functions of the Occipital Lobe

Answer 14

Vision

Question 15

Functions of the Temporal Lobe

Answer 15

Mediates a variety of sensory functions and participates in memory and emotions.

Question 16

Superior Temporal Gyrus

Answer 16

Contains the Primary Auditory Cortex, works to perceptualize and localize sound.

Question 17

Where is the Primary Visual Cortex Located?

Answer 17

It is located in the walls and depths of the Calcarine Fissure, on the medial brain surface.

Question 18

Choroid Plexus

Answer 18

A vascular netwrok withing the ventricles that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Question 19

When are the chambers of the ventricular system established?

Answer 19

In the 5-vesicle stage (5th week)

Question 20

What is the Septum Pelucidum?

Answer 20

A membranous wall that separates the lateral ventricles.

Question 21

What is the interventricular foramen (of Monroe)

Answer 21

This is a foramen that connects the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle.

Question 22

What is the Cerebral Aqueduct

Answer 22

This aqueduct connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles.

Question 23

What are the walls of the 3rd ventricle?

Answer 23

The Thalamus and the Hypothalamus (or Diencephalon)

Question 24

What are the boundaries of the 4th ventricles?

Answer 24

The Pons, Cerebellum, and cerebral peduncles (fibers entering and leaving the cerebellum).

Question 25

What are Cisterns?

Answer 25

Cisterns are regions in the subarachnoid space where the space is larger and CSF can collect into pools.

Question 26

Common Cisterns are?

Answer 26

Pontine Cistern - anterior to the pons.
Cisterna Magna - in the vicinity of the foramen magnum
Lumbar cistern - caudal to the conus meduallris