The Brain (BIO 181-201) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

all rolled and folded grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

gyrus (like folia)

A
  • raised portion of folded matter

- have individual functions and names

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

frontal lobe

A
  • large and subdivided

- decision making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

parietal lobe

A

reception and evaluation of all general sensory info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

occipital lobe

A
  • not clearly defined by fissure or suculas

- receives and evaluates visual information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

temporal lobe

A
  • defined by lateral fissure

- smell, hearing, memory, some judgement and abstract thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

insula

A

deep in lateral fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fornix

A

tract

relays information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1st and 2nd lateral ventricles

A

big ventricles
corri plexus
produces and holds CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3rd ventricle

A

on midline of 2 hemispheres
splits thalamus
hole inside
anchors left and right sides of thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mesencephalic aqueduct

A

how 3rd and 4th ventricles communicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4th ventricle

A

narrows and becomes part of central canal of spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

arachnoid villi

A

extensions of arachnoid matter that goes into superior sagittal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

CSF

A

keeps brain moist
protective cushion
takes toxins out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

arachnoid granulations

A
  • clusters of arachnoid villi

- excess CSF goes into venal sinus–> jugular vein (circulates) –> general circulations (small quantities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pineal gland

A
responds to light and dark
secretes melatonin (hormone) into blood
17
Q

medulla oblongata

A
  • mesencephalon

- everything goes through this because it’s between brain and spine

18
Q

pyramids

A

big, raised areas
carry information
white matter
formed by cortiospinal tracts

19
Q

olives (olivary nuclei)

A

bulge

nuclei from propriceptors

20
Q

pons

A
  • large, shield shape
  • part of brain stem
  • tracts and nuclei
  • connects one area of the brain (or cns) to the other
21
Q

midbrain (mesencephalon)

A

small

contains nuclei and tracts

22
Q

substantia nigra

A

large, boomerang
black (large concentration of melanoma)
produces dopamine

23
Q

reticular formation (reticular activating system)

A
  • medulla, pons, midbrain
  • ascending, descending neurons
  • RAS: keeps concious and alert; responds to sensory input; becomes less sensitive at night
24
Q

cerebellum (little brain)

A

compares intended moves with ones that are actually happening to smooth complex movements

  • regulates posture and balance
  • may have a role in cognition and language processing
25
Q

3 paired cerebellar peduncles

A
  • big tracts
  • axons
  • information between cerebellum and other parts of the brain
26
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncles

A
  • sensory information from inner ear (balance and equilibrium)
  • propriceptor information is carried through
27
Q

middle cerebellar peduncles

A

largest

cerebrum axons to cerebellum (motor info)

28
Q

superior cerebellar peduncles

A
  • axons from cerebellum–> red nuclei and nuclei in thalamus
  • coordination
  • regulates muscle tone
29
Q

vermis

A

posture, walking, running, fine motor coordination control

30
Q

thalamus

A
  • intermediate mass in middle
  • has 2 halves and allows halves to communicate
  • passes through hole of 3rd ventricle
  • almost all grey matter
  • 80% of diencephalon
31
Q

thalamus functions

A
  • sensory except for smell passes through to go to correct place
  • relays nerve impulses
  • regulates autonomic activity
  • maintenance of consciousness
32
Q

hypothalamus

A
  • no blood brain barrier
  • master gland
  • most inferior component of diencephelon
  • major regulator of homeostasis of body
  • small with many parts