The Brain and Reflexes Flashcards
The Central Nervous System is made up of
The brain and the Spinal Cord
Corpus Callosum
connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain
The four sections of the brain are
the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the occipital lobe and the temporal lobe.
Brain Stem
regulates heart rate, breathing, sleep cycles and emotions
Cerebral Cortex
planning, reasoning, language, recognising sounds and images, memory
Cerebellum
important for coordination, precision and timing of movements.
The frontal lobe
The frontal cortex controls thinking, planning, short term memory, emotions, and personality.
Also controls movement.
The parietal lobe
interprets sensory information
The temporal lobe
Interpretsfaces, memory, language andmusical appreciation.
The occipital lobe
It processes visual information from our eyes. This information is relayed to several secondary visual processing areas, which interpret depth distance location identity of seen objects.
Neurons
send messages to and from the brain
Messages pass from
the dendrites to the the axons to the nerve endings.
Axons ______ Dendrites______
transmit, recieve
Myelin Sheath
The myelin sheath is wrapped around the axonto insulate, to make the message more efficient
Types of Neurons
Motor neuron- movement
Interneuron- connects neurons together
Sensory neuron- our senses
The cell body
is the middle of the neuron and holds dna and nucleus
A reflex is a
involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement
A reflex arc is
a stimulus sensory neuron relayed to the brain activation of motor neuron reaction to stimulus
Medulla Oblongata
transmitting signals between the spinal cord and the higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration.
Pituatary gland
produce and release several hormones that help carry out important bodily functions, including: Growth. Metabolism and reproduction
ventricle
cushioning and protecting them from trauma. It produces and stores cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Hypothalamus
keeps your body in a stable state by managing hormones
Midbrain
motor movement, particlulalry in the eye
Pons
breathing
Thalamus
the main relay station for your brain. All motor and sensory signals (except smell) pass through this structure in the center of your brain.
Adrenaline
fight or flight
noradrenaline- concentration- contracts blood vessels increasing blood flow
glutamate- memory- involved in learning and memory, regulates development and creation of nerve contacts
acetylcholine
learning,- involved in thought, learning and memory, activates muscle action in the body, also associated with attention and awakening
