The brain and metabolic regulation 1

Question 1

Balance between energy intake and energy expenditure

Answer 1

Usually well-balanced despite the huge variation in day-to-day each

Question 2

Energy intake > energy expenditure

Answer 2

More common now as a revolution pressure on overweight people has disappeared
extra energy gets stored in adipose tissue as fat

Question 3

Energy intake < energy expenditure

Answer 3

Anorexia, cachexia

Question 4

Comorbidities of obesity

Answer 4

Diabetes (x7m, x28f)
 CVD x3 (

Question 5

BMI

Answer 5

Simple way of relating height and weight
inaccurate as doesn’t give a sense of fitness or body composition
used as basic guideline easy for general public to understand

Question 6

Froehlich syndrome

Answer 6

pituitary adenoma pushing on the hypothalamus

Question 7

Regions of the hypothalamus

Answer 7

Diagram

Question 8

the dual centre theory: satiety and feeding centres

Answer 8

ventromedial hypothalamus- feeding

lateral hypothalamus- satiety

Question 9

Parabiosis experiments of Douglas Coleman

Answer 9

Look up

Question 10

What does ob encode?

Answer 10

Leptin

Question 11

Leptin

Answer 11

Permissive hormone “satiety factor”

white adipose tissue

Question 12

ob/ob mice

Answer 12

FAT

Question 13

Effect of obesity on leptin

Answer 13

Obesity desensitises body to leptin

Question 14

Where is leptin targeted?

Answer 14

POMC neurones in arcuate nucleus (VMN but less so)

Question 15

The cre-lox system

Answer 15

Diagram

Question 16

Tissue-specific processing of 32-kDa pro-protein (POMC)

Answer 16

Diagram

Question 17

satiety and feeding pathways in the brain

Answer 17

Diagram

Question 18

Sf1 expression

Answer 18

VMN (+leptin R)