The Brain Flashcards
What are the four lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
What lobe is the Primary motor area in and what is the function?
Frontal lobe - has upper motor neurons which initiate voluntary movement
What lobe is the Premotor area in and what is its function?
Frontal lobe- Controls a sequence of motor activities such as driving a car
Where is Broca’s area and what is its function?
Frontal lobe - Directs muscles involved in speech production
Where is the Anterior association area and what is its function?
Frontal lobe Concerns personality, intelligence, initiative
Where is the Primary somatosensory area and what is its function?
Parietal lobe - receives nerve impulses for touch, itching, vibration, temperature, and pain
Where is the Somatosensory association area and what is its function
Parietal lobe - allows identification of an object being touched using stored memories and past experiences of an object
Where is Wernicke’s area and what is its function?
Parietal lobe - interprets the meaning of speech by recognizing spoken words
Where is the Primary auditory area and what is its function
Temporal lobe - receives nerve impulses from the ear to determine sound, loudness, and location
Where is Auditory association area and what is its function?
Temporal lobe - allows identification of a sound as speech, music, or noise
Where is Primary visual area and what is its function?
Occipital lobe - receives visual identification and is involved in visual perception
Where is visual association area and what is its function
Occipital lobe - interprets visual stimuli enabling us to recognise a face
State the four areas of the brain (not the lobes)
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum
Describe the role of the brainstem in controlling consciousness
The midbrain. Net like arrangements of sensory axons carrying input to the brain to maintain consciousness
Name the system involved in controlling consciousness
The reticular activating system found in the medulla oblongata
State the clinical implication of damage to the RAS
Altered level of consciousness
Changes to vital signs
Impaired homeostatic control
List the 3 structures of the Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
What 3 parts are the brainstem made up of
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Functions of the cerebellum
Smooths and coordinates contractions of skeletal muscle
Regulates posture and balance
Coordinates skilled movement
Functions of the cerebrum
Conscious thought
Memory
Logic
Initiation of voluntary movement
Describe the function of the limbic system
Limbic system is the ‘emotional brain’ - controls emotional responses and memory processing
What are fissures
Deep groves that subdivide the hemispheres
What are Gyri
Folds that increase the surface area
What are sulci/sulcus
Shallow depressions that separate adjacent gyri
