Human cell and cellular respiration

Question 1

What is the function of the Cell Membrane

Answer 1

• Controls what moves in and out of the cell
• Covers the cell’s cytoplasm
• Connects to other cells

Question 2

What happens in Passive transport?

Answer 2

Substances move across the cell membrane due to kinetic energy

Question 3

What happens in Active transport?

Answer 3

Substances move across the cell membrane using cellular energy (ATP)

Question 4

Is cellular energy required in Passive transport?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Is cellular energy required in Active transport?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

How does Passive transport move down their concentration gradient?

Answer 6

Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Filtration

Question 7

How does Active transport move against their concentration?

Answer 7

Transport in vesicles
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

Question 8

Function of an Ion Channel

Answer 8

Allows ions to move in and out of the cell

Question 9

Function of Carriers

Answer 9

Selectively move substances through the membrane

Question 10

Functions of receptors

Answer 10

Sites for hormones, neurotransmitters to bind

Question 11

What is the Sodium Potassium pump?

Answer 11

Pumps Sodium out

Pumps Potassium in

Question 12

Adipose is what sort of tissue?

Answer 12

Connective tissue

Question 13

What is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid?

Answer 13

Potassium

Question 14

How is glucose transported across the cell membrane?

Answer 14

ATP
CO2
HEAT
H20

Question 15

What are 6 functions of the skin?

Answer 15

Protection
Sensation
Excretion
Temperature regulation
Blood storage
Synthesis of vitamin D

Question 16

Name 2 places where hair doesn’t grow

Answer 16

Palms of hands
Soles of feet
Lips
Eyelids

Question 17

Why does wrinkling of skin occur as we age

Answer 17

Collagen fibres decrease in number & stiffen.

Elastic fibres become less elastic

Question 18

Name 6 things sensory neurons in the skin detect

Answer 18

Touch/Pressure
Vibration
Tickle
Heat
Cold
Pain

Question 19

Name 2 things which affect the rate of enzyme activity

Answer 19

Temperature and pH

Question 20

The tissue that lines the blood vessel wall is

Answer 20

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 21

Name 2 factors that are part of the matrix of bone

Answer 21

Collagen fibres and calcium salts

Question 22

How does a potassium ion move from the outside to the inside of a cell?

Answer 22

Sodium postassium pump

Question 23

What are the 4 basic types of tissue?

Answer 23

Connective
Nervous
Epithelial
Muscular

Question 24

What is the difference between the mucous membrane and the serous membrane?

Answer 24

Mucous membrane lines cavities that are open to the exterior and serous membrane line body cavities that do not open to the exterior

Question 25

Define a pathogen

Answer 25

Disease causing microorganism

Question 26

What is a fomite and how might it be involved with transmitting disease?

Answer 26

A non-living object that can transmit by indirect contact - a microorganism is deposited in some way and then ‘picked up’ by a new host

Question 27

What is a tract?

Answer 27

A bundle of axons located in the CNS

Question 28

What is a nerve?

Answer 28

A cord like bundle of axons and their connective tissue located in the PNS

Question 29

Identify 3 situations which allow opportunist to become pathogens

Answer 29

Removal of normal flora - due to antibiotics
Compromised immune system eg sickness
Immature immune system eg babies

Question 30

How does an oxygen molecule pass through the cell membrane?

Answer 30

Simple diffusion

Question 31

Simple diffusion can be influenced by

Answer 31

Concentration gradient