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Psychology > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain and what is its function

A

Parietal- pressure and touch
occipital-visual information
frontal- thinking, personality and decision making
temporal-hearing and understanding speech

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2
Q

What does the left side of the brain control

A

Controls the right side of the body, speaking, writing, logical thought, algebra and science

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3
Q

What does the right side of the brain control

A

Controls the left side of the body, pattern recognition, puzzle solving, map reading,art, music and creativity

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4
Q

What makes up the central nervous system

A

The brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

Label the brain

A 
Corpus callosum
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Brain stem
Cerebellum 
Pineal gland
Hippocampus 
Thalamus
Cerebral cortex
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6
Q

What are sensory neurons

A

Carry messages from sense organs to CNS

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7
Q

What are motor neurons

A

Carry messages from CNs to the body(limbs to organs)

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8
Q

What are interneurones

A

Found only in CNS connect motor and sensory neurons

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9
Q

What does brain neuroplasticty mean

A

It’s reshaping/re writing itself continually

Mouldable networks

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10
Q

What is sensory memory

A

Information from our sense eg smell, touch, taste

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11
Q

What is short term memory

A

More limited memory

Longer last then sensory memory eg phone numbers

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12
Q

What is long term memory

A

Stores information for long periods (provided we use it)

Eg riding a bike or our maths times tables

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13
Q

Way to remember neurotransmitters

A 
D-dopamine
A-acetylcholine 
N-noradrenalin
G-GABA
S-serotonin
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14
Q

What is GABA

A

Motor control and anxiety

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15
Q

What is dopamine

A

Voluntary movement, learning and feeling of pleasure

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16
Q

What is acetylcholine

A

Memory consolidation in hippocampus

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17
Q

What is noradrenalin

A

Experience of emotions

18
Q

What is serotonin

A

Sleep and emotions

19
Q

Label neurons

A 
Nucleus 
Dendrites 
Myelin sheath 
Node of ranvier
Synapse
Synaptic terminals
Axon
Cell body
20
Q

Define fontanelles

A

Soft spots on baby’s head before brain plates fuse together in first year of life.

21
Q

What is a fontanelle

A

A soft spot on the head that babies have because their head hasn’t fully formed yet

22
Q

The part of the brain involved in logical thinking is…

A

The left side of the brain

23
Q

What function is the frontal lobe

A

Thinking, personality and decision making

24
Q

What does PNS stand for

A

Peripheral nervous system

25
Q

What order does the message travel along a neuron

A

Dedrites, cell body, axon, synaptic terminals, synapse

26
Q

What order does the message travel along a neuron

A

Dedrites, cell body, axon, synaptic terminals, synapse

27
Q

Neurons receive messages from the previous and neighbouring neurons via…

A

The soma will determine if the message is strong enough to send a message to the axon

28
Q

What is the CNS made up of

A

Brain and spinal cord

29
Q

What does the central nervous system do

A

Controls functions of the body and mind

30
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

A

Nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord

31
Q

What does the PNS do?

A

Controls the nerves that carries instructions from your Brian to limbs

32
Q

What occurs at the synapse

A

A tiny gap between neurons where it triggers the neuron to release a chemical neurotransmitter so it can move across the gap

33
Q

How can dendritic connections be strengthened or increased ?

A

A stimulated mind can help grow more dendrites

34
Q

What damage occurred to Phineas Gage?

A

An iron rod speared his head and damaged his frontal lobe. His personality and emotions were effected

35
Q

Use it or lose it’ how does it apply to the brain?

A

If we keep our brain challenged and stimulated, then we will be less likely affected by the symptoms of dementia as we age

36
Q

Corpus callosum

A

The thick band of nerve fibres connecting the left and right brain hemispheres

37
Q

What does CFS stand for and what is it

A

CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME

Physical fatigue and tiered

38
Q

What are phantom limbs

A

sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached to the body and is moving appropriately with other body parts. They can feel itching, tickling and even pain where the limb used to be

39
Q

What is melatonin

A

Produced by the pineal gland and regulates our sleep pattern

40
Q

How can the number of dendrites in the brain be reduced?

A

By having an unstimulated mind, boredom and lack of social interaction

Psychology (6 decks)

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