The brain Flashcards
What is the function of the Cerebrum 2
Clue M
The Cerebrum:
* Intelectual/Higher functioning
* Memory storage and proccessing
What is the Diencephalon, what does it consist of 3
how do you feel
Consists of the
Thalmus and the Hypothalmus
* Regulates Autonomic Nervous System - Heart rate, blood pressure, Digestion, Respiration
* Regulates Endocrine system - hormone production
* Controls emotion
Detail the Brain Stem and associated parts 3
What is it vital for 3 CLUE a fast reaction
Consists of the:
* Pons
* Medulla
* Mesencephalon
Vital for our reflexes, where locomotion and co-ordination occur
What is the Cerebellum what does it do? What 3 functions is it involved with?
CLUE CCSP and LBC
- Co-ordinates complex somatic patterns
- Involved in Motor Functions: Locomotion, balance and Co-ordination
LOOKS LIKE A WALNUT
Label the brain
Detail the charecteristics of the cerebrum 6
- Consists of two Cerebral Hemispheres Left and Right
- Refered to as the fore brain
- Has a Cortex (surface) 2-4mm thick made up of Grey Matter
- Middle of the Cerebrum (Medulla) consists of white matter connecting parts of the brain to the cortex
- Cortex Highly folded convolutions (increases surface area)
- Contains a sensory Cortex process sensory information detected by sensors in the skin and sensory organs touch, pressure etc
What divides the Cerebrum into two
- Longitudinal fissures divide the Cerebrum into two Hemispheres
- These Hemispheres are connected by the Corpus Callosum
What is the Corpus Callosum
Large bundle of nerve fibres 200 million permitting communication between the left and right side of the brain
RIGHT SIDE OF THE BRAIN CONTROLS LEFT SIDE OF THE BODY
LEFT SIDE OF THE BRAIN CONTROLS THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE BODY
How many segments is the human Spinal Cord divided into
31
What are the Four Lobes of the Cerebrum
What is the Function of the Frontal Lobe
Is responsible for voluntary movement and expressive language
Also known as the emotional brain and the site of higher brain functions.
What is the function of the Occipital Lobe
Visual proccesing area of the brain
What is the function of the Temporal Lobe 3
USS
PAI
EM
Understanding Sound and Speech
Proccessing auditory infromation
Encoding of Memory
What is the function of the Parietal Lobe what cortex is it linked to?
Links to sensory cortex, integrates Sensory information in your body pain, temperature
taste, hearing, sight, touch, smell
Detail the charecteristics of Wernicks area where is it located
Location - Left Temporal Lobe
Function - Essential for spoken language comprehension, speech and partly written word comprehension
Detail the charecteristics of Broca’s area 4
Also known as the Motor Speech
Located near the motor cortex
It regulates vocalizations required for normal speech.
Words are formulated for repetition here
What are the different types of Memory
Sensory
Short Term
Long Term
Detail Sensory Memory
Very short term (less than 1 sec)
Retention of sensory input during which
time it is scanned, evaluated and acted upon
e.g. touch an object - a short term memory is created - you will decide if you continue touching or remove hand because its unpleasant
Detail Short Term Memory
Limited to 7 bits of info
Stored within the Temporal Lobe
Formed due to temporary changes in the
membrane of the cells in that area
Detail Long Term memory
Refered to as Declrative (Explicit Memory
Consists of the retention of Facts
Recall - located in the Hippocampus within Medial Temporal Lobe
Empotion Fear - located in the Amygdala
What are the two forms of Long Term Memory
Procedural Memory - located in the Cerebellum and is the memory of learnt skill e.g. riding a bike
Rehersal Memory - Converts short term memory to long term memory and requires protein synthesis
What is the function of the Basal Ganglia
Plays a major role in
⚫ voluntary motor functions,
⚫ procedural learning
⚫ Routines or habits
⚫ Eye movements
⚫ Also contributes to cognition and emotions
Detail the Limbic System
- Consists of the Cerebrum and the Diencephalon
- This influences emotions, motivation,
mood and sensations of pain and
pleasure. - Associated with basic survival
instincts and reproduction.
Detail the Spinal Cord
- 45cm Long extends from Medulla to the 2nd Lumbar Vertebrae
- Protected by Miningies
- Diveded into 31 segments
- 8 Cervical C1 - C8
- Thoracic T1 -T12
- Lumbar L1 - L5 (PODIATRY RELATED)
- Sacral 5
- Coccygeal 1
The auditory cortex is responsible for hearing and language. In which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
The temporal lobe houses the auditory cortex, which processes the sounds we hear.
The somatosensory cortex is an area just behind the motor cortex that receives information from the skin’s sensory receptors and movements from different body parts. In which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
The parietal lobe houses the somatosensory cortex, which receives information sent from our senses
Damage to (the) ________ disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one’s ability to produce words intact.
Wernicke’s Area is responsible for the comprehension of language. As long as damage was isolated to this area, a person would still be able to produce words.
The motor cortex sends messages to specific regions of the body to create movement. In which part of the cerebral cortex is it located?
The frontal lobe houses the primary motor cortex, which sends signals to move our muscles.
Match the correct functions to the associated regions of the brain. 1.Frontal Lobe
2.Parietal Lobe
3.Temporal Lobe
4.Occipital Lobe
Visual info, processes what we see
Voluntary Movement, Emotion and higher brain function
Sensory, linked to sensory cortex touch, pain
Auditory processing
Frontal - Voluntary Movement, Emotion and higher brain function
Parietal - Sensory, linked to sensory cortex touch, pain
Temporal - Auditory processing
Occipital - Visual info, processes what we see
