The Body Flashcards
What are multicellular organisms made up of?
Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells.
How many levels of organisation do multicellular organisms have?
They have 5 levels of organisation.
What are examples of animal cells?
Nerve, muscle, and red blood cells are examples of animal cells.
What is a tissue?
A tissue is a group of cells that work together to perform a certain function.
What is an organ?
An organ is a group of tissues that work together to perform a certain function.
What are examples of organs?
The heart, lungs, and brain are organs.
What is an organ system?
An organ system is when a group of organs work together to perform a certain function.
What is the circulatory system?
The circulatory system is when the body transports substances around using blood.
What is the gas exchange system?
The gas exchange system is when the body takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
What is the digestive system?
The digestive system is when the body breaks down and then absorbs food molecules.
What are reproductive systems?
Organ systems that create new organisms are called reproductive systems.
What happens when we breathe?
When we breathe, we take in oxygen and we give out carbon dioxide.
Where does gas exchange happen?
Gas exchange happens in our lungs.
What are lungs made of?
Lungs are made of elastic tissue which expands when we breathe in.
What protects the lungs?
The ribcage protects the lungs.
What is the main component of the gas exchange?
The main component of the gas exchange is called the respiratory system.
What is the process of air entering the body?
1) Air enters the body through the mouth and nose.
2) Air moves down the trachea (windpipe) - a large tube.
3) Air moves down a bronchus - a smaller tube.
4) Air moves through a bronchiole - a tiny tube.
5) Air moves into an alveolus - an air sac.
6) Oxygen then diffuses into the blood.
What happens when you breathe in?
When you breathe in, you inhale oxygen.
What is produced during respiration?
Respiration produces carbon dioxide, which needs to be removed from the body.
What is a waste product of respiration?
Water is a waste product of respiration.
What happens to the muscles in the chest when we breathe?
When we breathe, muscles in our chest tighten or contract.
What occurs during inhalation?
1) The muscles between our ribs contract - this pulls our ribcage out.
2) The diaphragm contracts, so it moves down.
3) The volume inside our chest increases.
4) The pressure inside our chest decreases - this draws air into the lungs.
What occurs during exhalation?
1) The muscles between your ribs relax - pulling your ribcage down and in.
2) The diaphragm relaxes, so it moves up.
3) The volume inside our chest decreases.
4) The pressure inside our chest increases - this draws air out of the lungs.
What is lung volume?
Lung volume is how much air your lungs can hold.
