the blue planet Flashcards
fourth largest saline lake in the world
aral sea
lies on the border between northern uzbekistan and southern kazakhstan in central asia, wihich was once part of soviet union
aral sea
2 rivers that supply water to the aral sea
amu darya and syr darya
it continually circulates between and among the oceans,air,land,and all living things in a process known as
hydrologic or water cycle
plants lose water vapor through their leaves in a process called
transpiration
as water droplets accumulate, they become too heavy. they eventually fall back to earth as
precipitation(rain, hail, or snow)
the process of movement and filtration of rainwater into several layers
percolation
the groundwater may be stored for long period of time in porous underground layer
aquifer
aquifer are classified into three:
unconfined
semiconfined
confined
found near the surface
collects rainwater from the land
unconfined
upper layer of the surface where the soil or rocks are permanently soaked with water
water table
bound by both the impermeable top and bottom layers of rock
gets its water supply from rainwater
confined
area far from confined aquifer that does not have impermeable layer
recharge zone
father of hydrology
robert e. horton
70% percent of earths surface is
water
96.5% composes the
saltwater
3.5% composes the
freshwater, available for plants, humans, animals
ie caps
glaciers
ground or soil
aquifer
unpolluted water that is suitable for drinking
potable water
WHO
world health organization
percent of worlds human population do not have safe water
25%
countries that do not have safe water
ethiopia, papua new guinea, uganda, republic of congo, somalia, pakistan, nigeria
refers to the contamination of bodies of water
water pollution
pollutants came from an unindentifiable source
point surface
are more difficult to trace. Runoff from fertilizers and pesticides
nonpoint sources
comes from a flowing source and reaches other places
transboundary pollution
aquatic lifezones are divided into two:
freshwater ecosystems and marine ecosystems
consumes the most water
70% of water humans gets from the surface of bodies of water and groundwater for irrigation
agriculture
involves the use of water that does not divert water from its sources like using a river for recreation
in steam use
kinds of water use
domestic
industrial
agriculture
in steam use
daily use of water in the household
domestic
22% of the worlds water is used in industry hence it has the most water pollution
industrial
refers to the area that connects the rivers to the ocean
- filters the nutrients and sediments, and purifies the water that drains off the land
estuaries
refers to an ecosystem where freshwater or saltwater and land meets. is it categorized as INLAND OR COASTAL
wetlands
marshes, swamps, bogs
inland fresh water wetlands
salt marshes and mangroove swamps
saltwater wetlands
branch of science that deals with the oceans, marine organisms, and ecosystem
oceanography
study and explains the complex interactions between and among seawaters, freshwater, polar ice caps
oceanographers
ecologists classify oceans according to their:
depth, type of ocean bed and amount of light
3 major marine communities
coastal zone
open sea surface
deep sea water zone
has warm and nutrient-rich waters that extend near the shallow edge
coastal zone
extends from the end of the continental shelf to the vast region of the ocean where no land is in sight
open sea surface
dark and very cold with little dissolved oxygen. lowest part of the ocean
deep sea water zone
high salt concentration
marine ecosystems
aquatic life zones are divided into:
freshwater ecosystems
marine ecosystems
marine salinity
35 ppt(part per thousand)
freshwater salinity
0.5 ppt (part per thousand)
what are the 4 major types of organisms
planktons
nektons
benthos
decomposers
weakly and freely swimming microscopic organisms found near the surface
planktons
primary producers, foundation of the aquatic food web
phytoplanktons
strong swimmers include turtle,fish,squid, sharks
nektons
organisms residing mostly at the bottom
benthos
examples of benthos
crustaceans
mollusks
attached to one place
sessile
has the ability to move around
motile
ex. of mottile
mussels
crabs
lobsters
mostly bacteria that degrade organic compounds from dead bodies and waste
decomposers
ex of decomposers
fungi and bacteria
are the ecosystems found in a similar climatic pattern that includes similar communities
terrestrial biomes
9 terrestrial biomes
tropical forest
dessert
savana
-
temperate grassland
temperate deciduous forest
chaparral
-
tundra
polar ice
coniferous forest
3 causes of water pollution
home
industrial
agricultural
geographic area where plants, animals, other organisms as well as weather and landscape work together to form a biosphere
- biological community of interacting organisms
environment
ecosystem in a body of water
aquatic ecosystem
3 main type of aquatic system
marine ecosystem
fresh ecosystem
estuarine
panthalassa - paleo pacific means
means old pacific
7 largest oceaan of the earth
southern ocean
north pacific
south pacific
north atlantic
south atlantic
indian
arctic
involves the continuous circulation of water
hydrologic cycle
change of state in a substance from liquid to gas
evaporation
evaporation of water from plants to stomata.
transpiration
small openings found on the underside of leaves
stomata
process whereby water vapor in the atmosphere is changed into a liquid state
condensation
result when the tiny condensation particles grow too large
precipitation
