The Biological Perspective Flashcards
What kind of a system does Behavioural Approach System (BAS) fall under?
Incentive Approach System
What is the Behavioural Approach System (BAS)?
reward-seeking system
What is the name of the system that is also called the “psychological gas pedal?”
behavioural approach system
Which part of the brain is activated when we are using the behavioural approach system?
left prefrontal cortex
Which part of the brain would be associated with extraversion, in relation to the behavioural approach system?
medial orbitofrontal cortex
What is the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS)?
“stop”/punishment + threat avoidance
Which system is known as the “psychological brake pedal?”
behavioural inhibition system
Which part of the brain is mainly activated when one is engaging in the behavioural inhibition system?
right prefrontal cortex
What kind of behaviours would someone portray when engaging in BIS behaviour?
- defensive (searching threat cues)
- pulling back
- neuroticism
What are the 2 hormones that may be related to BIS behaviour?
norepinephrine and GABA
True or False: Approach and Avoidance are known to be a part of the same system and overlap with the same traits
False - they’re separate systems + overlap with different traits
Which Big Five trait is avoidance directly related with?
neuroticism
Which Big Five trait is approach directly related with?
extraversion
What are some problems with the Biological Process perspective?
- fragmented/incomplete
- animal models can’t generalize
- multidetermined biological processes
- needs validation with non-biological testing
What are some advantages of the biological process perspective?
- new tech. = new answers
- biological processes are important in personality
- direct insight into treatments
Where is the amygdala located in the brain?
near base
What is the role of the amygdala?
emotion (especially negative ones like anger and fear) and motivations
What are the 2 other parts of the brain that the amygdala is connected to?
- insula
- anterior cingulate
How is the frontal lobe divided?
left and right into 2 frontal lobes
What are the key features of the frontal cortex?
- cognitive functioning:
- planning
- foresight
- understanding
What is the neocortex?
outer layer of cortex
- uniquely human
In terms of the left and right lobe of the brain, which one is associated with withdrawal and which is associated with approach?
left: approach
right: withdrawal
What is probable cause of Capgras syndrome?
disconnection between amygdala and cortex
What can happen if emotion detaches from cognition?
horrible outcomes = general decision making
What is Capgras syndrome?
disorder where a close friend, relative, or family member is viewed as exact look-like/imposter
What is the main point that Eysenck argues?
differences in brain activity explain extraversion and neuroticism
What is the name of the system in the brain that is related to extraversion, researched by Eysenck?
ascending reticular activating system (ARAS)
In the lemon drop test, conducted to see whether an introvert or an extrovert would react more strongly to it, who did?
introverts because they have higher cortical arousal