The biological approach - AO1

Question 1

What are four assumptions of the biological approach?

Answer 1

• Everythings psychological is first biological
• Physical structures and processes explain human behaviour; hormones nuerotransmitters and brain structures
• All of these processes are at least partially determined by our genes
• Genes code for our different physical and psychological features

Question 2

What are genes?

Answer 2

Sections of chromosomes that consist of DNA, coding for the physical features and psychological features of an organisms

Question 3

What are biological structures?

Answer 3

An arrangement or organisation of parts that forms an organ, system or living thing

Question 4

What is neurochemistry?

Answer 4

Relating to chemicals in the brain that regulate psychological functioning

Question 5

What are neurotransmitters?

and examples

Answer 5

Brain chemicals that relay signals across the synapses between neurones
E.g serotonin and dopamine have been implicated in the cause of mental health disorders - e.g low serotonin in OCD and high dopamine in schizophrenia

Question 6

What is evolution?

Answer 6

A process of gradual change, taking place over many generations, where behaviours that enhance survival or reproduction will be naturally selected to continue in furture generations

Question 7

What are concordance rates?

Answer 7

Refer to the extent at which a trait is shared
Twin studies are used

Question 8

What is genotype?

Answer 8

One set of genes one has passed from parents to offspring

Question 9

What is phenotype?

Answer 9

Observable characteristics, as determined by the interaction of genes AND the environment

Question 10

Why are concordance rates never 100% between MZ twins?

Answer 10

The way the genes are expressed can differ
E.g due to diet, experience, sun exposure, chemicals