The Biological Approach Flashcards
What does the biological approach deal with?
The influence of genes, biological structures and neurochemistry on behaviour
What do genotype and phenotype cover?
The genetic basis of behaviour and evolution
In recent years why has the biological approach gained prominence?
Due to advances in technology such as the development of brain scanning techniques
Define the biological approach?
Perspective that emphasises the importance of physical processes in the body such as genetic inheritance and neuro function
Define genes?
They make up chromosomes and consist of DNA which codes the physical features of an organism (eye colour and height) and psychological features (mental disorders and intelligence)
Where are genes transmitted from?
Parents to offspring (Sz for example is inherited)
Define biological structure?
An arrangement or organisation of parts to form an organ system or living thing
Define neural chemistry?
Relating to chemicals in the brain that regulate psychological functioning
Define genotype?
The particular set of genes that a person possesses
Define phenotype?
The characteristics of an individual determined by both genes and the environment
Define evolution?
The changes in inherited characteristics and a biological population over successive generations
What is the first biological assumption?
Everything psychological is at first biological, so to fully understand human behaviour we must look at biological structures and processes within the body such an genes, neurochemistry and the nervous system
What is the second biological assumption?
The approach investigates how biological structures and processes within the body impacts on behaviour
What is the third biological assumption?
Much of human behaviour has a physiological cause which may be genetically or environmentally altered
What is the fourth biological assumption?
Genes affect behaviour and influence individual psychological differences between people. Evolutionary psychology considers genetic influences in common behaviours
What is the fifth biological assumption?
Psychologists should study the brain, nervous system and other biological systems e.g hormones, chemicals acting on the brain